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Related Concept Videos

Batteries and Fuel Cells03:12

Batteries and Fuel Cells

A battery is a galvanic cell that is used as a source of electrical power for specific applications. Modern batteries exist in a multitude of forms to accommodate various applications, from tiny button batteries such as those that power wristwatches to the very large batteries used to supply backup energy to municipal power grids. Some batteries are designed for single-use applications and cannot be recharged (primary cells), while others are based on conveniently reversible cell reactions that...
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Spontaneous Chemical Reactions
Spontaneous redox reactions occur abundantly in nature. The chemical reaction occurring in a disposable AA battery powering our remote controls is one such example of a spontaneous redox reaction. Another example is the immersion of coiled copper wire into an aqueous silver nitrate solution. The reaction shows a gradual, visually impressive color change from colorless to bright blue and the formation of a grey precipitate on the copper wire. In this experiment,...
Types of Reversible Electrodes01:24

Types of Reversible Electrodes

For electrode reversibility to be maintained, all the reactants and products involved in the half-reaction must be present at the electrode. There are several types of reversible electrodes (half-cells).In metal-metal-ion electrodes, a metal balances electrochemically with a solution of its own ions. Examples are Cu2+|Cu and Zn2+|Zn. Metals that react with the solvent, like group 1 and most group 2 metals, which react with water, and zinc, which reacts with aqueous acidic solutions, cannot be...
Electrochemical Cells01:28

Electrochemical Cells

Electrochemical cells are systems that convert chemical energy into electrical energy or use electrical energy to drive chemical reactions. They consist of two electrodes in contact with an electrolyte, where redox reactions enable electron transfer. Most electrochemical cells include two half-cells connected by an external wire for electron flow and a salt bridge for ion flow. The salt bridge contains an electrolyte solution and maintains charge neutrality by allowing ions—not electrons—to...

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Scalable modular design of solid oxide fuel cell systems for enhanced large-scale power generation.

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Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Development and Validation of Chromium Getters for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Power Systems
12:30

Development and Validation of Chromium Getters for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Power Systems

Published on: May 26, 2019

Optimizing reversible solid oxide cell technology for long-term energy storage in Europe's decarbonized frameworks.

Xinyi Wei1,2, Arthur Waeber3, Shivom Sharma3

  • 1Industrial Process and Energy Systems Engineering-École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Sion, Switzerland. xinyiwei.epfl@gmail.com.

Nature Communications
|June 25, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Reversible solid oxide cells (rSOC) offer immediate benefits for energy storage. Hybrid strategies combining long-term and short-term solutions provide the most cost-effective energy security for Europe.

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Area of Science:

  • Energy Storage Systems
  • Renewable Energy Integration
  • Electrochemical Engineering

Background:

  • Energy security is paramount, necessitating efficient energy storage solutions.
  • Both long-term and short-term energy storage play vital roles in grid stability.
  • Current energy frameworks require re-evaluation of storage technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the combined benefits of long-term and short-term energy storage.
  • To evaluate reversible solid oxide cells (rSOC) technology for immediate application.
  • To analyze future storage capacity needs and economic viability in Europe by 2050.

Main Methods:

  • Achieved 60% round-trip efficiency using reversible solid oxide cells (rSOC).
  • Modeled country-specific storage capacity requirements for Europe's 2050 energy landscape.
  • Calculated Levelized Cost of Storage (LCOS) for rSOC and battery systems.

Main Results:

  • rSOC technology demonstrates immediate environmental and economic advantages.
  • Storage capacity requirements vary significantly across European countries (54-680 kWh/kW).
  • Hybrid storage strategies reduce costs by up to 78%, reaching as low as 0.19 €/kWh.

Conclusions:

  • rSOC is a viable technology for current European energy needs, not just future applications.
  • Hybrid energy storage approaches are the most economically advantageous.
  • Optimized hybrid systems are crucial for future-oriented, cost-effective energy security.