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TLR 9 (rs352140) gene polymorphism in Helicobacter pylori infection in children

Nashwa Farouk Mohamed1, Ola Galal Ali Behairy2, Hebatallah Emam Mohammed Ahmed3

  • 1Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, 15131, Egypt. nashwa.farouk@fmed.bu.edu.eg.

Scientific Reports
|June 25, 2026
PubMed

Insights

The Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) rs352140 gene polymorphism significantly increases H. pylori infection risk in children. Children with TT or CT genotypes face a higher hazard of infection and gastritis.

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Immunology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is common globally, often acquired in childhood.
  • Inflammation associated with H. pylori infection can lead to various gastrointestinal issues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) gene polymorphism (rs352140) and H. pylori infection in children.
  • To determine if TLR9 rs352140 influences inflammation and gastritis risk in pediatric H. pylori cases.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study of 100 children with dyspeptic symptoms undergoing upper endoscopy.
  • Inclusion of 50 H. pylori-positive and 50 H. pylori-negative children as controls.
  • Genotyping of TLR9 (rs352140) and correlation with H. pylori status and gastritis incidence.

Main Results:

  • A significant difference in TLR9 rs352140 gene polymorphism was observed between H. pylori-positive and negative children.
  • Higher frequencies of TT and CT genotypes, and the T allele, were found in H. pylori-positive children.
  • Children with TT genotype had 7.9 times higher H. pylori hazard; CT genotype had 3.6 times higher hazard; T allele carriers had 2.3 times higher risk.

Conclusions:

  • TLR9 rs352140 gene polymorphism is significantly associated with H. pylori infection susceptibility in children.
  • The TT and CT genotypes, and the T allele of TLR9 rs352140, are linked to an increased risk of H. pylori infection and gastritis.

Keywords:
Helicobacter pyloriChildrenGene polymorphismTLR9

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