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Chitosan-Modified Gold Nanoparticle-Based Electrochemical Immunosensor for C-Reactive Protein Detection.

Bilal Ahmad^1,2, Changyun Quan², Xiyue Zhang²

¹College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410000, China.

Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)

|June 26, 2026

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This study presents a novel electrochemical immunosensor for detecting C-reactive protein (CRP), a key inflammation biomarker. The gold nanoparticle-based sensor offers sensitive and selective CRP detection for potential point-of-care applications.

Area of Science:

Electrochemistry
Biosensors
Nanotechnology
Biomarker Detection

Background:

C-reactive protein (CRP) is a critical biomarker for inflammation and infection.
Existing detection methods may lack sensitivity, selectivity, or point-of-care suitability.
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) offer unique electrochemical properties for biosensor development.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a sensitive and selective electrochemical immunosensor for CRP detection.
To leverage gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) for enhanced sensor performance.
To evaluate the immunosensor's potential for point-of-care (POC) applications.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) modified with AuNPs.

Keywords:

C-reactive protein electrochemical impedance spectroscopy gold nanoparticles immunosensor point-of-care-testing

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Immobilization of anti-CRP antibodies using L-cysteine SAM and EDC/sulfo-NHS chemistry.

Electrochemical characterization using cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV).

Main Results:

The immunosensor demonstrated a low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.16 µg/mL and a wide linear range (5-100 µg/mL).
High selectivity against 13 interferents and good reproducibility (RSD 3.69%) were achieved.
The sensor exhibited excellent stability (retaining >95% signal after 15 days) and regeneration efficiency (97% over 7 cycles).

Conclusions:

The developed electrochemical immunosensor provides a sensitive, selective, and stable platform for CRP detection.
The sensor's performance characteristics make it suitable for reliable CRP quantification.
The proposed immunosensor holds significant potential for cost-effective and user-friendly point-of-care diagnostics.