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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
09:20

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Published on: February 13, 2021

A Lumped-Parameter Cardiovascular Model for Investigating Hemodynamic Alterations During Atrial Fibrillation.

Prashant Kishor Sharma1, Yu-Chien Tung1, Chia-Yuan Chen1

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.

Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 26, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Atrial fibrillation (AF) impairs heart function by causing irregular rhythms and atrial remodeling. This study quantifies how these factors reduce stroke volume and affect cardiac hemodynamics.

Keywords:
atrial fibrillationatrial remodelingcardiovascular modelinglumped parameter modelpressure–volume analysis

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High-Resolution Endocardial and Epicardial Optical Mapping in a Sheep Model of Stretch-Induced Atrial Fibrillation

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Cardiac Electrophysiology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia causing irregular heartbeats and loss of atrial contraction.
  • The combined impact of AF's rhythm irregularity and atrial remodeling on hemodynamics requires further quantification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate hemodynamic alterations in normal sinus rhythm (NSR) and AF using a computational model.
  • To quantify the effects of progressive atrial remodeling on cardiovascular function during AF.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a closed-loop lumped-parameter cardiovascular model.
  • Incorporated time-varying elastance for cardiac mechanics and stochastic RR intervals for AF.
  • Simulated progressive atrial remodeling by increasing atrial elastance.

Main Results:

  • AF caused irregular left atrial pressure and significant beat-to-beat ventricular variability.
  • Ventricular stroke volume decreased from 70-75 mL (NSR) to 55-65 mL (AF).
  • Atrial remodeling reduced atrial volume by 36.4% and increased ventricular end-diastolic volume, showing compensatory adaptation.

Conclusions:

  • Atrial stiffening due to remodeling impairs atrial compliance and reservoir function.
  • Ventricular adaptation partially compensates for the mechanical dysfunction caused by atrial remodeling in AF.