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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Measuring Maxillary Posterior Tooth Movement: A Model Assessment using Palatal and Dental Superimposition
07:32

Measuring Maxillary Posterior Tooth Movement: A Model Assessment using Palatal and Dental Superimposition

Published on: February 23, 2024

Development and External Validation of an Explainable AHP-ML Model for Orthodontic Tooth Extraction and Anchorage

Yang Yi1, Xinhang Shen1, Bin Wu1

  • 1College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.

Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 26, 2026
PubMed
Summary

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This study introduces an explainable orthodontic decision-support model combining expert Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) weighting with machine learning. The model aids in crucial treatment planning decisions like tooth extraction and anchorage, enhancing clinical interpretability.

Area of Science:

  • Orthodontics and Dental Informatics
  • Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
  • Clinical Decision Support Systems

Background:

  • Current machine learning models for orthodontic treatment planning lack transparency and clinical interpretability.
  • Key orthodontic decisions like tooth extraction and anchorage assessment require trustworthy decision support tools.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and externally validate an explainable orthodontic treatment decision-support model.
  • To integrate expert-derived Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) weighting with machine learning for improved transparency.

Main Methods:

  • Established a diagnostic indicator framework with 18 orthodontic variables.
  • Developed and validated machine learning models incorporating AHP scores for tooth extraction and maximum anchorage prediction.
Keywords:
Analytic Hierarchy Processanchorage controlexplainable machine learningorthodontic treatment decision supporttooth extraction

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The Establishment of a Murine Maxillary Orthodontic Model
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The Establishment of a Murine Maxillary Orthodontic Model

Published on: October 27, 2023

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Last Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Measuring Maxillary Posterior Tooth Movement: A Model Assessment using Palatal and Dental Superimposition
07:32

Measuring Maxillary Posterior Tooth Movement: A Model Assessment using Palatal and Dental Superimposition

Published on: February 23, 2024

The Establishment of a Murine Maxillary Orthodontic Model
04:11

The Establishment of a Murine Maxillary Orthodontic Model

Published on: October 27, 2023

  • Utilized SHAP analysis for feature contribution interpretation and external validation on a separate cohort.
  • Main Results:

    • The AHP-Random Forest (RF) extraction model and AHP-Logistic Regression (LR) anchorage model showed high performance (AUCs 0.864 and 0.822).
    • SHAP analysis confirmed clinical relevance by identifying key predictors consistent with expert reasoning.
    • External validation demonstrated the model's preliminary transportability, classifying 78% of extraction cases and 83% of anchorage cases.

    Conclusions:

    • Integrating AHP expert knowledge with machine learning creates an explainable and clinically interpretable orthodontic decision-support model.
    • This approach has potential value in standardizing evidence-informed, patient-specific orthodontic decision-making.
    • The developed framework enhances trustworthiness in AI-driven orthodontic treatment planning.