Research on a Regional Availability Evaluation Model for Road-Area High-Entropy Energy Based on Synergy Factors

To address the challenge of quantifying multi-unit synergy effects in road-area high-entropy energy systems, this paper proposes a regional availability evaluation model based on synergy factors. In the revised model, regional availability is decomposed into the product of a capacity-weighted health baseline (capacity-weighted mean unit availability), weighted temporal synergy, and weighted spatial consistency coefficient. Capacity weights and pairwise coupling coefficients are introduced to extend the model from equal-capacity isomorphic units to heterogeneous road-area energy units. Simulation results demonstrate that the model can distinguish different synergy levels, and parameter sensitivity analysis verifies its robustness. An open-data-based quasi-real verification using Caltrans PeMS traffic records further shows that the model can process measured time-series inputs. The proposed model provides a theoretical basis for the regional-level operation evaluation of road-area energy systems.