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Related Concept Videos

Traumatic Brain Injury l: Introduction01:28

Traumatic Brain Injury l: Introduction

DefinitionTraumatic brain injury, or TBI, is a disturbance of normal brain function induced by an external mechanical force, such as a direct blow to the head or a penetrating injury. It can affect both brain structure and function, producing a wide range of clinical outcomes. TBI is a heterogeneous condition, meaning its effects may differ based on the type, location, and severity of the injury.Basis of ClassificationTBI is classified based on severity, injury mechanism, or pathophysiology. In...
Brain Imaging01:14

Brain Imaging

Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans),  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS).

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

A Novel and Translational Rat Model of Concussion Combining Force and Rotation with In Vivo Cerebral Microdialysis
08:45

A Novel and Translational Rat Model of Concussion Combining Force and Rotation with In Vivo Cerebral Microdialysis

Published on: July 12, 2019

Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Traumatic Brain Injury and Its Theranostic Implications.

Vratko Himic1, Nana Tchantchaleishvili2, Andrii Netliukh2

  • 1Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA.

Biomolecules
|June 26, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Mitochondrial dysfunction is central to traumatic brain injury (TBI) outcomes, impacting neuronal metabolism and survival. Targeting mitochondria offers new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for TBI management.

Keywords:
mitochondrial dysfunctionneuro-critical careneuroenergeticsneurosurgeryoxidative stresstheranosticstraumatic brain injury

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Assessing Changes in Synaptic Plasticity Using an Awake Closed-Head Injury Model of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
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A Novel and Translational Rat Model of Concussion Combining Force and Rotation with In Vivo Cerebral Microdialysis
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Assessing Changes in Synaptic Plasticity Using an Awake Closed-Head Injury Model of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
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Assessing Changes in Synaptic Plasticity Using an Awake Closed-Head Injury Model of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Published on: January 20, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant cause of neurological disability and death.
  • Mitochondria are crucial organelles involved in neuronal metabolism, oxidative balance, and cell survival, making them key targets after TBI.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the literature on mitochondrial dysfunction following TBI.
  • To explore the role of mitochondria in TBI diagnosis, monitoring, prognostication, and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • A narrative literature review was conducted.
  • 159 references published between 1997 and 2026 were synthesized, with a focus on recent research (70 from 2020 onwards).
  • The review followed SANRA guidelines.

Main Results:

  • Mitochondrial dysfunction causes bioenergetic failure via impaired oxidative phosphorylation, altered reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and calcium handling.
  • Downstream effects include oxidative damage, epigenetic/proteomic changes, and programmed cell death (apoptosis, necroptosis, ferroptosis) within an inflammatory environment.
  • Mitochondrial DNA and microRNA are potential biomarkers for TBI severity and prognosis.
  • Investigational therapies include targeting the mitochondrial permeability transition pore, antioxidants, restoring NAD+-dependent pathways, and ketogenic interventions.

Conclusions:

  • Advances in mitochondrial biology enhance understanding of TBI.
  • Mitochondrial research provides a promising framework for improving TBI management.