Astragalus membranaceus Has Potential Anti-Aging and Anticancer Effects on Skin and Bone

Astragalus membranaceus, a medicinal plant used in traditional Chinese medicine for centuries, has attracted growing scientific attention for its potential anti-aging and anticancer properties, particularly for skin and bone health. Its key bioactive compounds like astragalosides, cycloastragenol, and its commercial derivative TA-65, have been associated with telomerase activation and telomere maintenance, suggesting a possible role in modulating cellular senescence and tissue repair processes. In addition to the claimed telomere maintenance, A. membranaceus exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and DNA-protective activities, properties that contribute to its anti-aging effects. Emerging evidence also suggests that telomerase modulation by A. membranaceus influences cancer cell dynamics, either suppressing tumor progression through immune regulation and apoptosis induction or, in some contexts, potentially promoting tumor growth. This duality highlights the importance of dose, formulation, and targeted application. Clinically, TA-65 has been reported to improve vascular health, bone mineral density, and skin elasticity in aging individuals. Preclinical studies further support its protective effects against osteoporotic bone loss and photoaging-induced dermal degeneration. This review summarizes the phytochemical composition of A. membranaceus and critically evaluates the mechanistic and therapeutic evidence underlying its anti-aging and anticancer actions on skin and bone tissues. It also discusses the pharmacokinetic properties of A. membranaceus, including its absorption, bioavailability, and safety profile. The integration of A. membranaceus into evidence-based senile therapeutic strategies holds promise, but further mechanistic and clinical studies are required to optimize its safety and efficacy.