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Related Concept Videos

Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
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Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
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A Syngeneic Mouse Model of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma for Quantitative and Longitudinal Assessment of Preclinical Therapies
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Oligometastatic RCC: Challenges and Emerging Therapeutic Strategies.

Calliope Stavrou1, Monica Thet1, Kieran Sandhu2,3

  • 1Department of Urology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3050, Australia.

Cancers
|June 26, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Local therapies, particularly stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR), show promise for oligometastatic renal-cell carcinoma (RCC). Further research is needed to optimize treatment selection and sequencing for this distinct patient group.

Keywords:
metastasis-directed therapyoligometastatic diseaserenal-cell carcinomastereotactic ablative body radiotherapy

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Urology

Background:

  • Renal-cell carcinoma (RCC) represents approximately 4% of global solid tumors.
  • Oligometastatic RCC, defined by fewer than five metastases, is a distinct clinical entity lacking standardized treatment.
  • Current treatment algorithms for oligometastatic RCC are not well-established.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current local and systemic treatment strategies for oligometastatic RCC.
  • To identify patient populations who may benefit most from specific treatments.
  • To summarize evidence from studies published in the last decade.

Main Methods:

  • Narrative review of 26 studies from the past ten years.
  • Analysis of local and systemic treatment modalities for oligometastatic RCC.
  • Evaluation of treatment efficacy and toxicity profiles.

Main Results:

  • Stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) demonstrated high local control rates and favorable toxicity.
  • Systemic therapies exhibited variable efficacy and higher adverse events.
  • Limited but feasible evidence exists for radiofrequency ablation, cryoablation, and metastasectomy in select patients.

Conclusions:

  • Local therapy, especially SABR, is supported for selected oligometastatic RCC patients.
  • Current evidence is largely retrospective and focused on favorable-risk clear cell RCC, limiting generalizability.
  • Prospective research is essential to refine patient selection and optimize treatment sequencing.