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A Method for Investigating Age-related Differences in the Functional Connectivity of Cognitive Control Networks Associated with Dimensional Change Card Sort Performance

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Age-Related Differences in Neural Networks for Error Detection and Inhibitory Control: A LORETA-Based Comparative

Kazumasa Ukai¹, Kazuhei Nishimoto¹, Hiroki Ito¹

¹Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kyoto Tachibana University, 34 Yamada-cho, Oyake, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8175, Japan.

|June 26, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Older adults show impaired inhibitory control and distinct neural network dynamics, suggesting age-related cognitive decline. EEG analysis reveals potential biomarkers for early detection and intervention targets.

Keywords:

aging anterior cingulate cortex (ACC)cognitive decline early detection error-related negativity (ERN)event-related potentials (ERPs)inhibitory control neuroimaging

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Measuring Statistical Learning Across Modalities and Domains in School-Aged Children Via an Online Platform and Neuroimaging Techniques

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Published on: June 30, 2020

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Psychology
Gerontology

Background:

Inhibitory control and error detection are vital for identifying age-related cognitive decline.
Understanding neural network changes in aging is crucial for early detection.

Purpose of the Study:

Investigate neural network dynamics of inhibitory control and error detection in younger and older adults.
Elucidate age-related alterations in cognitive control mechanisms.

Main Methods:

Electroencephalograms (EEGs) recorded during an inhibitory control task in 17 older and 15 younger adults.
Behavioral performance analyzed alongside directional functional connectivity using LORETA, iCoh, and Full Vector Field analysis.
Analysis across theta, alpha, and beta frequency bands.

Main Results:

Older adults exhibited lower accuracy and distinct beta-band connectivity patterns during incorrect responses (ACC to FPC).
During correct responses, older adults showed alpha- and beta-band directionality (DLPFC to FPC).
Younger adults displayed stronger intra-ACC connectivity and widespread network coherence during correct responses.

Conclusions:

Efficient inhibitory control in older adults depends on higher-order error-monitoring networks.
Altered neural dynamics indicate age-related decline in immediate cognitive control.
EEGs offer a non-invasive biomarker for cognitive decline, targeting executive control for interventions.