Cross-Culture Development and Validation of a Children's Psychological Richness Questionnaire Using Artificial Neural...

This study aimed to develop and validate a children's psychological richness questionnaire across cultural contexts using a descriptive approach. The study sample consisted of 1041 children aged 10-17 years (12.94 ± 2.14), including 440 Saudi Arabian and 601 Egyptian participants. The results indicated a general one-factor structure in both the Saudi sample and the total sample, whereas two main factors emerged in the Egyptian sample. Moreover, the exploratory factor analysis showed that the two-factor model provided a better fit than the general one-factor, as demonstrated by the Akaike and Bayesian information indices, reflecting the model's efficiency in representing the psychological structure of children's psychological richness. Additionally, the artificial neural network analysis identified the most central and influential items within each cultural context. The findings also revealed that the questionnaire has a high degree of internal consistency. Furthermore, the results showed no significant differences in psychological richness between children in the Saudi and Egyptian contexts.