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Updated: Jun 27, 2026
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Pattern-Triggered Oxidative Burst and Seedling Growth Inhibition Assays in Arabidopsis thaliana
Published on: May 21, 2019
PEPR1 Mediates SsNLP1-Triggered Immunity Against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
Imtiaz Ahmad Sajid1, Muhammad Kamran2, Zeeshan Ghulam Nabi Gishkori1
1Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Biology and Ecological Regulation of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu Hang Tang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|June 26, 2026
Summary
Necrosis- and ethylene-inducing peptide 1 (Nep1)-like proteins (NLPs) from the fungus *Sclerotinia sclerotiorum* activate plant immunity. Phytocytokine receptor-like kinase PEPR1 signaling amplifies this response, enhancing plant resistance to this pathogen.
Area of Science:
- Plant Pathology
- Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions
- Plant Immunity
Background:
- Necrosis- and ethylene-inducing peptide 1 (Nep1)-like proteins (NLPs) are microbial proteins that trigger plant pattern-triggered immunity (PTI).
- The fungal pathogen *Sclerotinia sclerotiorum* secretes SsNLPs, but the mechanisms underlying their immune activation are unclear.
- Understanding how SsNLPs stimulate plant defenses is crucial for managing this broad-host-range pathogen.
Purpose of the Study:
- To phylogenetically characterize SsNLPs.
- To investigate the role of phytocytokine receptor-like kinases (PEPRs) in SsNLP1-triggered immunity.
- To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of SsNLP1-induced plant resistance against *S. sclerotiorum*.
Main Methods:
- Phylogenetic analysis of SsNLPs.
- Treatment of *Arabidopsis* plants with SsNLP1.
- Genetic analysis using wild-type, *pepr1 pepr2* double mutant, and *PEPR1* overexpression *Arabidopsis* lines.
- Measurement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and defense gene expression.
Main Results:
- SsNLPs share conserved motifs (NPP1, GHRHDWE) and are phylogenetically related to NLPs from *Botrytis cinerea*.
- SsNLP1 treatment induced *PEPR* gene expression, ROS production, and defense gene activation in *Arabidopsis*.
- PEPR signaling positively regulated SsNLP1-triggered immunity, with enhanced responses in *PEPR1* overexpression lines and reduced responses in the *pepr1 pepr2* mutant.
Conclusions:
- Phytocytokine PEPR1 signaling amplifies PAMP SsNLP1-triggered immunity.
- This amplification enhances plant resistance against the necrotrophic pathogen *S. sclerotiorum*.
- The study demonstrates coordination between PAMP- and phytocytokine-triggered immunity for robust plant defense.
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