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mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
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mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
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Abnormal Proliferation02:23

Abnormal Proliferation

Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the daughter...
Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells02:53

Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells

Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
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Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells02:53

Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells

Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
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Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
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CD Spectroscopy to Study DNA-Protein Interactions
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CD Spectroscopy to Study DNA-Protein Interactions

Published on: February 10, 2022

SMARCD1 and Its Functional Relevance in SWI/SNF and Cancer.

Jerome Pere1, Colin Logie1

  • 1Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|June 26, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The SWI/SNF chromatin remodeler family, including SMARCD subunits, is crucial in vertebrates. SMARCD1 plays a significant role in driving cancer proliferation, invasion, and metastasis across various malignancies.

Keywords:
SMARCDSWI/SNF complexcancerchromatin remodelling

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Cell Lineage Analyses and Gene Function Studies Using Twin-spot MARCM
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Last Updated: Jun 27, 2026

CD Spectroscopy to Study DNA-Protein Interactions
06:48

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Cell Lineage Analyses and Gene Function Studies Using Twin-spot MARCM
06:30

Cell Lineage Analyses and Gene Function Studies Using Twin-spot MARCM

Published on: March 2, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • SWI/SNF complexes (BRG1/BRM-associated factor or BAF) are vital ATP-dependent chromatin remodelers with three subtypes: cBAF, PBAF, and ncBAF.
  • Mutations in SWI/SNF subunits occur in approximately 20% of malignancies.
  • SMARCD is a conserved, essential subunit for SWI/SNF complex targeting and stability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the molecular and cellular roles of mammalian SMARCD paralogs.
  • To discuss the roles of SMARCD paralogs in oncogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on SMARCD paralogs.
  • Analysis of SMARCD paralog expression patterns and functional divergence.
  • Examination of SMARCD paralog roles in cancer, including tumor suppression and oncogenesis.

Main Results:

  • Human SMARCD paralogs (SMARCD1, SMARCD2, SMARCD3) exhibit distinct expression patterns and functional divergence.
  • All SMARCD paralogs have context-dependent roles in cancer, acting as both tumor suppressors and oncogenes.
  • SMARCD1 demonstrates the broadest oncogenic activity, promoting proliferation, invasion, and metastasis in various cancers.

Conclusions:

  • SMARCD paralogs are critical regulators of gene expression and cellular processes.
  • SMARCD1 is a key driver of oncogenesis across multiple cancer types.
  • Understanding SMARCD paralog functions is essential for developing targeted cancer therapies.