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Identifying PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors with Surface Plasmon Resonance Technology
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Identifying PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors with Surface Plasmon Resonance Technology

Published on: May 2, 2025

Quantifying PD1 Saturation by PDL1 in Tumor Tissue Using a Novel RNA Aptamer-Based Assay.

Suresh Veeramani1,2, Chaobo Yin2, Nanmeng Yu1

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|June 26, 2026
PubMed
Summary

A new assay, PD1 LIRECAP, quantifies PD1 saturation by PDL1 in tumors. This biomarker may improve prediction of patient response to PD1 blockade cancer therapy.

Keywords:
PD1PDL1RNA aptamersligand-receptor complexesprognostic biomarker

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Biotechnology
  • Immunotherapy

Background:

  • PD1 blockade therapies are vital for cancer treatment.
  • Predicting patient response to PD1 blockade is challenging due to a lack of reliable biomarkers.
  • Quantifying PD1 saturation by PDL1 in tumors is a potential biomarker strategy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel bioassay for quantifying PD1 saturation by PDL1 in FFPE tumor biospecimens.
  • To assess the assay's potential as a predictive biomarker for PD1/PDL1-based therapy outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a novel RNA aptamer-based bioassay, termed the PD1 LIRECAP assay.
  • Quantification of PD1 saturation by PDL1 in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor biospecimens.
  • Correlation analysis of PD1 saturation with PD1-mediated signaling and PD1-PDL1 proximity.

Main Results:

  • The PD1 LIRECAP assay is technically straightforward, high-throughput capable, and reproducible.
  • PD1 saturation quantification closely correlates with PD1-mediated signaling and PD1-PDL1 proximity.
  • Analysis of sarcoma FFPE specimens revealed significant inter-patient differences and intratumoral heterogeneity in PD1 saturation.

Conclusions:

  • The PD1 LIRECAP platform is a technically feasible and reproducible assay.
  • This novel assay shows potential as a superior predictive biomarker for PD1/PDL1-based therapy.
  • The platform can be adapted to quantify other molecular interactions in various settings.