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Related Concept Videos

Traumatic Brain Injury l: Introduction01:28

Traumatic Brain Injury l: Introduction

DefinitionTraumatic brain injury, or TBI, is a disturbance of normal brain function induced by an external mechanical force, such as a direct blow to the head or a penetrating injury. It can affect both brain structure and function, producing a wide range of clinical outcomes. TBI is a heterogeneous condition, meaning its effects may differ based on the type, location, and severity of the injury.Basis of ClassificationTBI is classified based on severity, injury mechanism, or pathophysiology. In...
Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep01:24

Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep

Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...
Traumatic Memory01:20

Traumatic Memory

Emotionally traumatic events often lead to memories that are exceptionally vivid and enduring, sometimes persisting with remarkable clarity throughout an individual's life. A classic example of this phenomenon is a person who survives a car accident. Even years later, they may recall every detail of the event with startling accuracy — the screeching of the tires, the jarring impact, and the acrid smell of burning rubber. Such vividness contrasts sharply with how an individual remembers mundane...

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Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Murine Model of Controlled Cortical Impact for the Induction of Traumatic Brain Injury
05:01

Murine Model of Controlled Cortical Impact for the Induction of Traumatic Brain Injury

Published on: August 16, 2019

Substance Use and Traumatic Brain Injury: Evidence from a Rural Trauma Center.

Monica R Lininger1,2, Michael Anastario3

  • 1Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
|June 26, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and substance use disorder (SUD) frequently co-occur in rural areas, with higher risks observed in males and American Indian/Alaska Native populations. Emergency departments are key for screening and intervention.

Keywords:
emergency departmenthealth promotionpreventionrural healthsubstance use disordertraumatic brain injury

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Last Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Murine Model of Controlled Cortical Impact for the Induction of Traumatic Brain Injury
05:01

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Published on: August 16, 2019

Assessing Changes in Synaptic Plasticity Using an Awake Closed-Head Injury Model of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
09:49

Assessing Changes in Synaptic Plasticity Using an Awake Closed-Head Injury Model of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Published on: January 20, 2023

Controlled Cortical Impact Model for Traumatic Brain Injury
05:30

Controlled Cortical Impact Model for Traumatic Brain Injury

Published on: August 5, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Trauma Care

Background:

  • Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and substance use disorder (SUD) often co-occur, influenced by shared risk factors and a potentially bidirectional relationship.
  • Epidemiological data on TBI and SUD in rural populations are limited, despite known healthcare access and outcome disparities.
  • This study investigates the TBI-SUD relationship within a rural Southwestern community, examining demographic and clinical diagnostic patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the co-occurrence and diagnostic sequencing of TBI and SUD in a rural Southwestern population.
  • To identify demographic and clinical factors associated with TBI and SUD diagnoses and their co-occurrence.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective observational study utilized electronic health records and trauma registry data from 2022-2023.
  • Two cohorts were analyzed: 24,389 emergency department encounters for TBI or SUD, and 248 trauma registry patients with both TBI and SUD diagnoses.
  • Descriptive statistics and multinomial logistic regression models assessed diagnostic patterns and demographic associations.

Main Results:

  • Males showed a higher likelihood of co-occurring TBI and SUD (RRR = 1.35).
  • American Indian/Alaska Native patients had a significantly higher risk of co-diagnosis compared to White patients (RRR = 2.21, p < 0.001).
  • Higher blood alcohol concentration correlated with lower Glasgow Coma Scale scores (r = -0.15, p = 0.022), indicating increased injury severity.

Conclusions:

  • TBI and SUD frequently co-occur in rural settings, with significant disparities observed across sex and race/ethnicity.
  • Emergency departments serve as crucial points for screening and intervention for both TBI and SUD.
  • Culturally responsive education and referral pathways are essential for patients discharged from emergency care.