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Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Fabrication of Mechanically Tunable and Bioactive Metal Scaffolds for Biomedical Applications
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Manufacturing of Bioinspired SS316L-Based Multimaterials: Processing, Mechanical Properties and Modeling.

Vinod Kumar Darapureddy1, Tuhin Mukherjee2, Sonia Mary Chacko3

  • 1Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH 43403, USA.

Micromachines
|June 26, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study developed a hybrid additive manufacturing method using laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) to create stainless steel-copper (SS316L-Cu) lattice structures. Copper infiltration significantly enhanced ductility by 30% in SS316L-Cu composites, offering robust mechanical and thermal properties.

Keywords:
SS316L-Cu multimaterialadditive manufacturingbioinspired lattice structureslaser powder bed fusion (LPBF)molecular dynamics (MD) simulation

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Additive Manufacturing
  • Mechanical Engineering

Background:

  • Additive manufacturing enables complex geometries, but multimaterial fabrication remains challenging.
  • Bioinspired designs can optimize mechanical performance in metallic structures.
  • Stainless steel 316L (SS316L) and copper (Cu) offer distinct mechanical and thermal properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a hybrid additive manufacturing approach for SS316L-Cu multimaterial structures.
  • To investigate the influence of geometric parameters (wall thickness) on mechanical properties.
  • To evaluate the effect of copper infiltration on SS316L lattice structures.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of SS316L honeycomb lattice structures using laser powder bed fusion (LPBF).
  • Copper (Cu) infiltration into SS316L lattice structures.
  • Mechanical testing (tensile) according to ISO 6892 standards.
  • Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to study atomic-scale deformation.

Main Results:

  • Mechanical performance strongly depended on lattice wall thickness.
  • Copper infiltration improved SS316L lattice ductility by 30% with minimal tensile strength reduction.
  • MD simulations validated the trend of strength enhancement with increasing wall thickness.

Conclusions:

  • The hybrid LPBF and liquid Cu infiltration method is effective for creating multifunctional SS316L-Cu composites.
  • This approach yields mechanically robust and thermally conductive materials.
  • Findings provide insights for designing next-generation metallic composites for structural and thermal applications.