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Multiphysics Simulation of Shell Solidification Evolution in CSP Thin Slab Casting of Silicon Steel with Box-Type
Hong Xiao1, Jian Liu1, Lang Wang1
1Magnetoelectric Research Institute, Hunan Zhongke Electric Co., Ltd., Yueyang 414000, China.
Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 26, 2026
Summary
A box-type electromagnetic stirrer (B-EMS) improves steel casting by enhancing solidification and increasing the equiaxed grain ratio. This leads to better internal strand quality and optimized shell morphology in continuous casting.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science and Engineering
- Metallurgical Engineering
- Process Engineering
Background:
- High casting speeds in thin slab casting cause columnar grain growth, reducing equiaxed grain ratios and leading to defects like wrinkling in silicon steel.
- Controlling solidification structure is crucial for improving the quality of continuously cast steel slabs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effectiveness of a box-type electromagnetic stirrer (B-EMS) in mitigating columnar grain growth and improving slab quality during thin slab casting.
- To analyze the impact of B-EMS on molten steel flow, temperature distribution, and solidified shell evolution.
Main Methods:
- Development of a multiphysics model to simulate the effects of B-EMS on molten steel flow and shell solidification, neglecting grain transformation.
- Analysis of electromagnetic fields, forces, and their influence on melt flow and solidification.
- Conducting industrial trials to validate simulation results and assess the impact on grain structure.
Main Results:
- B-EMS generates asymmetric electromagnetic forces, inducing width-directional flow that improves scouring at the solidification front.
- Under an 800 A current, B-EMS increased narrow-face center shell thickness and reduced mushy zone area, indicating accelerated and more uniform solidification.
- Industrial trials confirmed a significant increase in the equiaxed grain ratio (approx. 30%) and improved internal strand quality.
Conclusions:
- B-EMS effectively regulates the solidification structure and optimizes shell morphology in continuous casting.
- The use of B-EMS significantly enhances the internal quality of steel slabs.
- Numerical simulations of B-EMS can guide industrial manufacturing practices for better continuous casting outcomes.
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