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Related Concept Videos

Properties of Transition Metals02:58

Properties of Transition Metals

Transition metals are defined as those elements that have partially filled d orbitals. As shown in Figure 1, the d-block elements in groups 3–12 are transition elements. The f-block elements, also called inner transition metals (the lanthanides and actinides), also meet this criterion because the d orbital is partially occupied before the f orbitals.
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Selection Rules: Thermal Activation
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Preparation and Reactivity of Gasless Nanostructured Energetic Materials
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Published on: April 2, 2015

Oxidation Behavior of TiCN-HfC-WC Cermet at High Temperature.

Zhihui Wang1, Jiaojiao Gao2, Jiabao Liu1

  • 1College of Mechanical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 26, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Oxidation of titanium carbonitride-hafnium carbide-tungsten carbide (TiCN-HfC-WC) cermets follows parabolic law, leading to thermal fracture and reduced strength. Matching layer properties can prevent this fracture in cermet materials.

Keywords:
TiCN-HfC-WC cermethigh temperatureoxidation behaviorthermal fracture

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • High-Temperature Materials
  • Oxidation Behavior

Background:

  • Titanium carbonitride-hafnium carbide-tungsten carbide (TiCN-HfC-WC) cermets are advanced materials used in demanding applications.
  • Understanding their oxidation behavior and fracture mechanisms is crucial for predicting service life.
  • Previous studies have explored oxidation kinetics but lacked detailed analysis of thermal stress-induced fracture.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the oxidation kinetics and thermal fracture mechanisms of TiCN-HfC-WC cermets.
  • To establish thermal stress equations and analyze their relationship with material composition.
  • To provide insights for designing cermets with improved thermal stability.

Main Methods:

  • Oxidation experiments were conducted at varying times and temperatures.
  • Mass gain was measured to determine oxidation kinetics.
  • Microstructural analysis identified different layers and fracture locations.
  • Flexural strength was measured before and after oxidation.
  • Thermal stress equations were derived to calculate stresses within layers.

Main Results:

  • Mass gain followed parabolic law with increasing oxidation time/temperature.
  • TiCN-HfC-WC cermets exhibited distinct layers with unique compositions.
  • Thermal fracture occurred in the sub-oxidation layer.
  • Flexural strength significantly decreased from 1270.6 MPa to 149.9 MPa.
  • Thermal stress differences between layers were identified as the cause of fracture.

Conclusions:

  • The oxidation of TiCN-HfC-WC cermets adheres to parabolic kinetics.
  • Thermal stress differences between adjacent layers drive thermal fracture.
  • Matching physical parameters of layers when thermal stress differences are zero can guide cermet design for enhanced stability.