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Simulation and Experimental Study on Parameter Optimization for the Glass Molding Process of Automotive Panoramic
Ruili Wang1, Hongyan Wang2, Na Xiao1
1Department of Engineering, Huanghe University of Science and Technology, Zhengzhou 450008, China.
Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 26, 2026
Summary
Optimizing automotive panoramic roof molding requires precise control over heating temperature, holding time, and quenching parameters. This study identifies key settings to minimize residual stress and springback deformation for improved dimensional accuracy.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Manufacturing Engineering
- Automotive Engineering
Background:
- Automotive panoramic roofs have large, thin-wall geometries, making them sensitive to manufacturing process variations.
- Glass molding process (GMP) parameters significantly influence residual stress and springback deformation, impacting dimensional accuracy.
- Optimizing these parameters is crucial for producing high-quality, large-scale thin-walled automotive glass.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of five key process parameters on residual stress and springback in automotive panoramic roof molding.
- To establish a full-process finite element model for simulating the glass molding process.
- To identify optimal process parameter combinations for minimizing defects and improving forming quality.
Main Methods:
- A full-process finite element model was developed for glass molding simulation.
- An L16(4^5) orthogonal experimental design was employed to study five parameters: heating temperature, holding time, quenching air velocity, quenching air pressure, and quenching time.
- Regression models were developed, and the NSGA-III method was used for parameter optimization.
Main Results:
- Heating temperature, holding time, and quenching time significantly affected mean residual stress.
- Heating temperature, quenching air velocity, and quenching time significantly influenced mean springback displacement.
- Optimal parameters were identified: 680°C heating, 3s holding, 12s quenching for low residual stress; 677.5°C heating, 13 m/s air velocity, 10s quenching for low springback.
Conclusions:
- The finite element model effectively predicts the relationship between process parameters and forming quality.
- Experimental validation confirmed the model's accuracy with a relative error within 15% for mean residual stress.
- The findings provide valuable guidance for the precision forming and process optimization of automotive panoramic roofs.
