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Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) show strong potential for controlling lesser mealworm (Alphitobius diaperinus) in poultry farms. Both Heterorhabditis downesi and Steinernema kraussei effectively reduced pest populations, with efficacy influenced by temperature, dose, and time.

Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Entomology
  • Biological Control
  • Nematology

Background:

  • Alphitobius diaperinus is a significant poultry farm pest, causing economic losses and developing insecticide resistance.
  • Effective and sustainable control strategies are needed to manage this resilient and adaptable pest.
  • Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are promising biological control agents for insect pests.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the mortality dynamics of A. diaperinus larvae exposed to Heterorhabditis downesi and Steinernema kraussei.
  • To determine the influence of temperature, dose rates, and exposure intervals on EPN efficacy.
  • To assess the potential of these EPNs as biological control agents in poultry facilities.

Main Methods:

  • Larval mortality of A. diaperinus was assessed after exposure to H. downesi and S. kraussei.
Keywords:
Alphitobius diaperinusHeterorhabditis downesiSteinernema krausseibiological controlpoultry facility peststemperature-dependent infectivity

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  • Experiments were conducted across various temperatures, EPN dose rates, and exposure times.
  • Mortality patterns were analyzed, considering infection timelines and interactions between factors.

    • Main Results:

    • Both EPN species demonstrated significant pathogenic potential against A. diaperinus larvae.
    • Mortality followed a classical EPN infection curve, with increased mortality observed between days 2-4 and after day 8.
    • H. downesi showed higher early mortality and dose-dependent responses, while S. kraussei exhibited slower but effective progression; temperature significantly impacted efficacy, with reduced performance at 35°C.

    Conclusions:

    • Heterorhabditis downesi and Steinernema kraussei are effective biological control agents against A. diaperinus.
    • Their performance is modulated by temperature, dose, and time, aligning with known EPN biology.
    • These findings support the use of EPNs as part of integrated pest management strategies in poultry production.