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Chemical Modifications of an Insect Immune Resolvin, EpOME, to a Broad-Spectrum Lepidopteran-Specific Insecticide.

Falguni Khan¹, Taegeun Song¹, Anders Vik²

¹School of Smart-Green, College of Life Sciences & Engineering, Gyeongkuk National University, Andong 36279, Republic of Korea.

|June 26, 2026

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Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EpOMEs) analogs, particularly AS56, show potent insecticidal activity against lepidopteran pests by suppressing immune responses and causing cytotoxicity. This discovery offers a novel approach for controlling agricultural pests.

Area of Science:

Insect immunology
Chemical ecology
Pest management

Background:

Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EpOMEs) modulate insect immune responses, including hemocyte apoptosis, suggesting potential insecticidal properties.
Stable analogs of EpOMEs are being explored for their efficacy as insecticides.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the insecticidal potency of EpOME analogs by modifying their functional groups.
To assess the effects of these analogs on insect cellular immune responses and cytotoxicity.
To determine the spectrum of activity against different insect species.

Main Methods:

Synthesis and modification of EpOME analogs (PD28, FD25, AS61) based on AS56.
Assessment of analog effects on hemocyte-spreading and nodule formation in insects.

Keywords:

EpOME alkoxide analog immunity insecticide stereoisomer

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Insecticidal bioassays against various insect species (lepidopteran, coleopteran, thysanopteran).

Field trials evaluating AS56 efficacy against lepidopteran pests in cabbage fields.

Main Results:

AS56 demonstrated the most potent inhibition of cellular immune responses among the tested analogs.
AS56 exhibited significant cytotoxicity and insecticidal activity specifically against lepidopteran insects.
Field application of AS56 showed high control efficacy comparable to chemical insecticides, inducing behavioral over-excitation in larvae.

Conclusions:

The double bond at the ninth carbon and the propoxy chain at the twelfth carbon are crucial for EpOME analog activity.
AS56 is a highly effective and specific insecticide for lepidopteran pests, offering a promising alternative to chemical pesticides.
The mechanism of AS56 toxicity involves cytotoxicity and behavioral disruption in target insects.