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Published on: May 16, 2025
Drone-Induced Midfacial Blast Injuries: Early Definitive Reconstruction and 5-Year Outcomes from a Single-Center
Anna Poghosyan1, Martin Misakyan1, Gurgen Mkhitaryan1
1Department of ENT and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, "Heratsi" No 1 Hospital, Yerevan State Medical University, 7 Heratsi Str., Yerevan 0025, Armenia.
Journal of Clinical Medicine
|June 26, 2026
Summary
Drone blast trauma causes severe midfacial injuries. Early surgical repair with titanium fixation yielded good bone healing, but soft tissue reconstruction requires staged procedures for optimal outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Trauma Surgery
- Craniomaxillofacial Surgery
- Military Medicine
Background:
- Modern warfare presents unique injuries like drone-induced blast trauma.
- Craniomaxillofacial injuries from drones differ significantly from ballistic wounds.
- Adapted surgical strategies are crucial for managing these complex traumas.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate clinical characteristics of midfacial blast injuries.
- To assess management approaches and surgical strategies.
- To determine long-term outcomes and reconstructive needs.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 41 patients with drone-induced midfacial blast injuries.
- Surgical management included debridement and osteosynthesis with titanium fixation.
- Five-year follow-up assessed outcomes, complications, and reconstructive requirements.
Main Results:
- All patients had comminuted midfacial fractures, often with polytrauma and burns.
- Early osteosynthesis showed no bone-related complications (osteomyelitis, sequestration, implant failure).
- Extensive soft tissue defects required staged reconstruction; lipofilling was used for secondary soft tissue thinning.
Conclusions:
- Drone-induced midfacial blast injuries are a distinct and severe trauma type.
- Early definitive reconstruction after debridement leads to favorable bone outcomes.
- Soft tissue reconstruction is challenging, necessitating staged procedures and long-term follow-up for optimal results.
