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Functional Immunonutraceutical Supplementation Enhances Humoral and Innate Immune Dynamics in a Controlled

Ana Maria Plotuna1, Ionela Hotea1, Kalman Imre2

  • 1Department of Animal Nutrition, University of Life Sciences "King Mihai I" from Timișoara, 300645 Timișoara, Romania.

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|June 26, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study shows that a mix of donkey milk, bovine colostrum, and royal jelly can support immune responses. Timing of supplementation influenced immune modulation and maintained safety, suggesting potential for coordinated immune support.

Keywords:
bovine colostrumdonkey milkfunctional nutraceuticalsimmune–metabolic interactionsimmunoglobulinsimmunonutritionlysozymeroyal jelly

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Area of Science:

  • Immunonutrition
  • Immunology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Immunonutrition leverages bioactive dietary compounds for immune support and physiological balance.
  • Donkey milk, bovine colostrum, and royal jelly possess complementary immune-modulating properties.
  • The combined effects of these three ingredients on immune function require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effects of a multi-component immunonutraceutical on immune responses in female rabbits.
  • To determine the impact of supplementation timing on immune modulation and physiological parameters.
  • To assess the safety and efficacy of combined donkey milk, bovine colostrum, and royal jelly.

Main Methods:

  • A 6-week controlled study involving four groups of rabbits with varying supplementation and vaccination schedules.
  • Longitudinal measurement of serum total immunoglobulins and lysozyme.
  • Monitoring of biochemical indices and hematological parameters.
  • Statistical analysis using mixed-effects models, GEE, PCA, and correlation-based systems analysis.

Main Results:

  • Supplementation significantly modulated both humoral and innate immune responses.
  • Group G4 exhibited the strongest terminal immunoglobulin response, while Group G3 showed sustained lysozyme elevation.
  • Significant innate-adaptive immune coherence was observed (p=0.000006).
  • Biochemical and hematological analyses indicated metabolic adaptation and preserved physiological stability without organ toxicity.

Conclusions:

  • Multi-component immunonutraceutical supplementation influences immune dynamics in a timing-dependent manner.
  • The combined ingredients demonstrated biochemical and hematological safety.
  • Findings support the potential of this blend for coordinated immune support.