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Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Large Scale Energy Efficient Sensor Network Routing Using a Quantum Processor Unit
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Large Scale Energy Efficient Sensor Network Routing Using a Quantum Processor Unit

Published on: September 8, 2023

Fast High-Order Consensus Time Synchronization Protocol in Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks.

Xiang Yu1, Zhaowei Wang1, Zhongxin Zhang1

  • 1School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 26, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a high-order consensus time synchronization protocol (HCTSP) to overcome slow convergence in distributed systems. HCTSP enhances synchronization speed and accuracy by using multi-hop clock information while optimizing communication overhead.

Keywords:
average consensusfast convergenceindustrial wireless sensor networks (IWSNs)time synchronizationvirtual link

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Large Scale Energy Efficient Sensor Network Routing Using a Quantum Processor Unit
05:30

Large Scale Energy Efficient Sensor Network Routing Using a Quantum Processor Unit

Published on: September 8, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Distributed Systems
  • Network Protocols
  • Time Synchronization

Background:

  • Consensus-based time synchronization protocols (CTSPs) suffer from slow convergence, limiting practical applications.
  • Improving algebraic connectivity speeds up distributed algorithms but often increases communication overhead and can degrade accuracy with stale data.
  • Existing methods face challenges in balancing convergence speed, communication efficiency, and synchronization accuracy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel High-Order Consensus Time Synchronization Protocol (HCTSP) that addresses the limitations of existing CTSPs.
  • To enhance the convergence speed and synchronization accuracy of distributed time synchronization.
  • To reduce communication overhead associated with time synchronization protocols.

Main Methods:

  • HCTSP incorporates two-hop neighbor clock states to create a virtual topology for improved logical clock parameter estimation.
  • An accumulator-based redundant information optimization scheme is employed to manage communication overhead.
  • The protocol integrates an accumulator-based update mechanism and multi-hop historical memory to mitigate communication delay jitter.

Main Results:

  • Theoretical analysis confirms the fast convergence of HCTSP.
  • Simulations show HCTSP significantly improves convergence speed, reduces communication overhead, and enhances synchronization accuracy compared to existing protocols.
  • In random networks, HCTSP reduced message length by ~50% and packet volume by ~66.67% versus VTSP.
  • In ring topologies, HCTSP increased convergence speed by ~59.33% versus VTSP and ~75.29% versus GTSP.

Conclusions:

  • HCTSP effectively accelerates time synchronization convergence.
  • The protocol achieves superior performance in terms of speed, efficiency, and accuracy.
  • HCTSP offers a practical solution for time synchronization in distributed systems facing challenges with convergence and communication overhead.