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Enhanced Seed Protein Yield in Hydroponically Grown Rice via Silica Hydrogel Application.

Yoshitomi Kudo1, Kaede C Wada1, Akimasa Nakano2

  • 1Research Center for Agricultural Information Technology, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 1-31-1 Kannondai, Tsukuba 305-0856, Ibaraki, Japan.

Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
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Summary

A new silica-hydrogel fertilizer (SiHF) method boosts protein yield in hydroponic rice for plant-made pharmaceuticals (PMPs). This silicon supplementation strategy enhances growth and yield without disrupting nutrient balance or pH levels.

Keywords:
Oryza sativahydroponicsplant factoryplant-made pharmaceuticalssilicon

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Plant Biotechnology
  • Hydroponics

Background:

  • High protein yields are crucial for cost-effective plant-made pharmaceuticals (PMPs) in transgenic rice.
  • Silicon (Si) is essential for rice, but its supplementation in hydroponics is challenging due to pH and nutrient instability.
  • Existing Si sources can disrupt hydroponic system stability, hindering efficient PMP production.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a stable and practical method for silicon (Si) supplementation in hydroponic rice cultivation.
  • To evaluate the impact of a novel silica-hydrogel fertilizer (SiHF) on rice growth, yield, and protein productivity.
  • To optimize SiHF application for enhanced PMP production in controlled rice environments.

Main Methods:

  • A passive Si supplementation strategy using silica-hydrogel fertilizer (SiHF) submerged in nutrient reservoirs was developed.
  • Hydroponically grown rice was treated with varying concentrations of SiHF to assess its effects.
  • Plant growth, biomass, yield, phenology, water uptake efficiency, and protein productivity were quantified.

Main Results:

  • SiHF significantly increased shoot biomass and grain yield, with optimal results at 500 g/10 L.
  • Water uptake efficiency per unit root mass increased, leading to greater shoot biomass allocation, despite reduced root weight.
  • Total protein yield per plant increased by 1.98-fold, with no significant changes in protein composition, and advanced heading stage by up to 4 days.

Conclusions:

  • The SiHF method provides a stable and effective way to supplement silicon in hydroponic rice systems.
  • This approach optimizes biomass allocation and enhances total protein yield, crucial for PMP production.
  • SiHF application accelerates reproductive transition and offers a practical foundation for efficient rice-based plant factory systems.