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Precipitation and Co-precipitation01:17

Precipitation and Co-precipitation

Precipitation and coprecipitation methods can be used to separate a mixture of ions in a solution. In qualitative inorganic analysis, ions that form sparingly soluble precipitates with the same reagent are separated based on the differences in solubility products. For example, consider the separation of Cu(II) and Fe(II) ions by precipitation as insoluble sulfides. First, copper(II) sulfide is precipitated by the addition of acidic H2S, where the dissociation of H2S is suppressed. Adding H2S...
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Study on the Selective Inhibition of FeSO4-NaH2PO4 in Sphalerite-Pyrite Flotation Separation.

Zhiyong Zhang1, Jingjing Xiao2, Sheng Liu3

  • 1School of Safety Engineering, Hunan Vocational Institute of Safety Technology, Changsha 410151, China.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 26, 2026
PubMed
Summary

A new flotation system using FeSO4+NaH2PO4-CuSO4-SIBX effectively separates sphalerite and pyrite. This method enhances sphalerite hydrophobicity while making pyrite more hydrophilic through selective ion adsorption.

Keywords:
FeSO4-NaH2PO4flotation separationpyriteselective inhibition and activationsphalerite

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Area of Science:

  • Mineral processing and extractive metallurgy.
  • Surface chemistry and interfacial phenomena.
  • Inorganic chemistry and materials science.

Background:

  • Selective separation of sphalerite and pyrite is crucial in mineral flotation.
  • Existing methods face challenges in achieving high separation efficiency.
  • Understanding surface interactions is key to developing novel separation strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel flotation system for selective sphalerite-pyrite separation.
  • To investigate the surface chemistry and hydrophobicity changes of sphalerite and pyrite.
  • To elucidate the separation mechanism using advanced analytical techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Mineral flotation experiments were conducted.
  • Surface hydrophobicity was assessed via contact angle measurements.
  • Surface charge was analyzed using zeta potential measurements.
  • Mineral particle agglomeration was studied.
  • Surface analysis was performed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
  • Solution chemistry was analyzed to understand reagent interactions.

Main Results:

  • The novel FeSO4+NaH2PO4-CuSO4-SIBX flotation system achieved effective separation of sphalerite and pyrite.
  • Synergistic action of FeSO4 and NaH2PO4 positively shifted pyrite's surface potential, increasing its hydrophilicity.
  • Sphalerite exhibited significantly enhanced hydrophobicity and particle agglomeration after treatment.
  • Hydrophilic components formed by Fe2+ and H2PO4- selectively adsorbed onto pyrite.
  • Cu2+ activated sphalerite via substitution with ZnS, forming a hydrophobic surface layer with SIBX.

Conclusions:

  • The developed flotation system successfully enables selective separation of sphalerite and pyrite.
  • The separation mechanism involves selective adsorption of hydrophilic species onto pyrite and activation of sphalerite.
  • The synergistic effect of FeSO4 and NaH2PO4 plays a critical role in pyrite's enhanced hydrophilicity.
  • Copper activation and collector adsorption are key to sphalerite's increased hydrophobicity.