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Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Dissecting Innate Immune Signaling in Viral Evasion of Cytokine Production
Published on: March 2, 2014
Viral Mastery: The Dynamic Regulation of Interferon Signaling
1College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea.
Abstract:
Interferons (IFNs) are antiviral cytokines that serve as key mediators of the innate immune response, and their production is induced in the majority of cells within hours of pathogen entry. IFNs are predominantly produced by pathogen-infected cells; however, their antiviral effects extend to surrounding cells through autocrine and paracrine signaling mechanisms, inducing the transcription of hundreds of antiviral genes. Numerous gene products either interfere directly with viral replication or play regulatory roles that influence the progression and strength of the ensuing immune response. Viruses, on the other hand, have devised techniques to circumvent the host antiviral immune response and establish infection. This review focuses on the current state of evidence demonstrating how certain viral proteins block antiviral responses via immunomodulatory strategies and discusses how to overcome these immune evasion tactics.
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