Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 27, 2026

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
Published on: June 12, 2020
Neuropsychiatric Features, ADHD and Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome in Children and Adolescents With Celiac Disease:
Zeynep Ateş Evliyaoğlu1, Oğulcan Çıray2, Yeşim Öztürk3
1Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Buca Seyfi Demirsoy Research and Training Hospital, Izmir, Turkiye.
Background:
Celiac disease is an important gastrointestinal disorder affecting many children and adolescents worldwide. Although psychiatric conditions associated with celiac disease have been previously investigated, studies examining its relationship with newly identified psychiatric diagnoses are limited. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and a newer diagnostic construct, cognitive disengagement syndrome (CDS).
Method:
The study included children and adolescents aged 7-18 years with a confirmed diagnosis of celiac disease who were followed at a university hospital, as well as a control group of nonceliac patients attending the same hospital. The two groups were compared in terms of CDS scores, ADHD scores as well as depression and anxiety levels.
Results:
A total of 128 participants were included, comprising 64 children with celiac disease and 64 controls. Statistically significant differences were observed between the groups in total ADHD and total CDS scores (p < 0.05). In addition, depression and anxiety scores differed significantly between the groups (p < 0.01). Specific CDS items, such as SCT-1 and SCT-10, also showed significant differences (total Hedge's g = 0.799, p < 0.05).
Conclusion:
These findings suggest that celiac disease is associated with both ADHD and CDS. Therefore, in the clinical management of children with celiac disease, it is important to consider not only gastrointestinal symptoms but also potential neuropsychiatric manifestations, including attention and cognitive disengagement difficulties, in order to provide comprehensive care.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is classified into subtypes based on the predominant bowel habits as determined by the Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS). The subtypes are:
Autism Spectrum Disorder
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia
Negative Symptoms
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia manifest as deficits in normal emotional and behavioral functioning, profoundly impacting daily life. Individuals with schizophrenia often display a flat affect, characterized by a near-total absence of emotional expression,...
Information Processing Approach
Taste Buds and Receptors

