Seed-Associated Trichoderma and Their Potential as Biocontrol Agents Against Plant Diseases

Area of Science:

• Agricultural Microbiology
• Plant Pathology
• Fungal Genetics

Background:

• Trichoderma fungi are vital for agriculture, aiding disease suppression, plant growth, and soil health.
• While Trichoderma species can be seed-borne, their diversity in this niche is understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the diversity of Trichoderma isolates associated with seeds.
• To evaluate the potential of seed-borne Trichoderma for plant disease management and growth promotion.

Main Methods:

• Isolation and identification of 107 Trichoderma strains from seeds of 32 plant species over two years.
• Multi-locus analysis to determine species diversity.
• Assessment of parasitism on damping-off pathogens and plant pathogen transmission.

Main Results:

• 107 Trichoderma isolates represented 18 species, with Trichoderma atroviride being the most prevalent.
• All tested species demonstrated the ability to parasitize damping-off agents, with varying efficacy.
• Two Trichoderma atroviride isolates, transmitted from fruit to seed, limited Alternaria brassicicola transmission and protected against Globisporangium ultimum.

Conclusions:

• Seed-borne Trichoderma, particularly specific isolates of T. atroviride, represent a valuable resource for improving seed health.
• These findings support the targeted use of seed-borne Trichoderma for integrated disease management and enhanced seedling vigor.