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Exploring gender differences in Physiotherapy research in Italy: a cross-sectional analysis.
Martina Putzolu1,2, Simone Gambazza3, Greta Castellini4
1Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa - Italy.
Archives of Physiotherapy
|June 26, 2026
Summary
Gender disparities in physiotherapy research show women have less favorable attitudes and fewer publications during PhD programs. Age is the only factor associated with these differences, not gender itself.
Area of Science:
- Physiotherapy research
- Gender equity in science
Background:
- Women are underrepresented in scientific research, impacting career progression and recognition.
- Physiotherapy research specifically shows gender disparities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate gender distribution among Italian Physiotherapy researchers.
- To examine characteristics, knowledge, attitudes, and productivity related to gender.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional study of Italian Physiotherapists with PhDs or in PhD programs.
- A 62-item survey assessed demographics, research experience, work-life balance, attitudes, and career factors.
- Productivity metrics included H-index, publication count, and awards.
Main Results:
- Female participants reported less favorable attitudes and social norms perception.
- Women had fewer publications during their PhD (median 3) compared to men (median 5).
- After adjustments, only age, not gender, was associated with these differences; no gender association with H-index or awards was found.
Conclusions:
- Gender disparities in research attitudes are evident in physiotherapy, particularly during PhD studies, favoring males.
- Further research is necessary to understand and promote gender equity in the field.
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