Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 27, 2026
Measuring Maxillary Posterior Tooth Movement: A Model Assessment using Palatal and Dental Superimposition
Published on: February 23, 2024
Third Molar Impaction Influence on Dental Estimation: A Systemic Review
Paula Rebéca Rodrigues1, Maria Clara Panciera1, Ricardo Henrique Alves da Silva2
1MSc Candidate, Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, USP - University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
Background:
Dental age estimation is a relevant procedure in forensic odontology, but it becomes increasingly challenging as age advances. In such cases, the use of third molars stands out, as they are the last teeth to complete the maturation process. However, it has been observed that these teeth have the highest rate of impaction.
Objectives:
The aim of this systematic review was to assess whether dental impaction influences the mineralization process of third molars and whether this condition affects the accuracy of age estimation methods.
Methods:
A search was carried out in the Embase, LILACS, PubMed/MEDLINE, SciELO, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, using terms related to the topic in Portuguese, English, and Spanish. Two independent evaluators applied eligibility criteria to select and evaluate the relevant articles.
Results:
After selection by title, abstract, and full-text reading, 11 articles were included. The risk of bias was analyzed using the checklist proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute. Data extraction revealed that the populations studied were from India, Germany, Lebanon, Switzerland, China, Canada, South Africa, and Denmark. All studies were separated by sex, though in different sample sizes, except for one study, which used equal numbers of 260 orthopantomograms for each sex. Furthermore, all studies demonstrated that dental impaction, regardless of its degree, influences tooth mineralization.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, third molar impaction may delay the process of dental mineralization, raising concerns that these teeth, when impacted, should not be considered the first choice for age estimation methods.
