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Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Dynamic Digital Biomarkers of Motor and Cognitive Function in Parkinson's Disease
Published on: July 24, 2019
Analyzing the 'bradykinesia complex' in GBA1-associated Parkinson's disease: A series of three cases
Martina De Riggi1, Daniele Birreci1, Adriana Martini2
1Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Abstract:
"Although GBA1-associated Parkinson's disease shows distinctive clinical features, the characterization of motor impairment remains limited. We performed OFF- and ON-state kinematic finger-tapping analysis in three Parkinson's disease patients carrying GBA1 variants of different severity, applying the 'bradykinesia complex' framework. Quantitative assessment revealed heterogeneous kinematic profiles and variable dopaminergic responsiveness. These findings suggest that kinematic biomarkers may complement clinical evaluation and support phenotypic characterization in GBA1-associated Parkinson's disease."
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