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Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Ion-Exchange Membranes for the Fabrication of Reverse Electrodialysis Device

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Published on: July 20, 2021

Direct impure water electrolysis at industrial scale.

Jichao Zhang¹, Jianrui Feng², Daojin Zhou³

¹SINOPEC (Dalian) Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemicals Co., Ltd, Dalian, Liaoning 116045, China. wanghongtao.fshy@sinopec.com.

Chemical Society Reviews

|June 26, 2026

Summary

Direct impure water electrolysis (DIWE) offers sustainable green hydrogen production using non-freshwater sources. This review details impurity impacts and proposes industrial pathways for DIWE scalability.

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Hydrogen Production and Utilization in a Membrane Reactor

Hydrogen Production and Utilization in a Membrane Reactor

Published on: March 10, 2023

Area of Science:

Green Chemistry
Electrochemical Engineering
Sustainable Energy

Background:

Direct impure water electrolysis (DIWE) is crucial for green hydrogen production in water-scarce regions.
Industrialization faces challenges, primarily performance degradation due to impurities in source water.

Purpose of the Study:

To review impurities in seawater and wastewater for DIWE.
To assess impurity impacts and propose optimization strategies.
To outline an industrial pathway for DIWE implementation.

Main Methods:

Comprehensive literature review of impurities in direct impure water electrolysis.
Analysis of impurity effects on performance degradation.
Development of an industrialization roadmap based on impurity interactions.

Main Results:

Identified key impurities in seawater and wastewater affecting DIWE performance.
Highlighted synergistic optimization strategies for impurity management.
Proposed a viable industrial pathway for DIWE integration.

Conclusions:

DIWE is a promising technology for sustainable hydrogen production.
Understanding and managing impurity interplay is critical for industrial scale-up.
Further research should focus on technical and economic viability for integration.