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Mechanisms of nephroprotective action of sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 inhibitors

Мaryana М Rоsul1, Мyroslava М Bletskan1, Nataliya V Ivano1

  • 1UZHHOROD NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, UZHHOROD, UKRAINE.

Wiadomosci Lekarskie (Warsaw, Poland : 1960)
|June 26, 2026
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors offer kidney protection through multiple mechanisms, independent of blood sugar control. These findings support their use in managing chronic kidney disease.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Pharmacology
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors are increasingly recognized for their benefits beyond glycemic control.
  • Their role in cardiorenal protection is a significant area of research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanisms behind the nephroprotective effects of SGLT-2 inhibitors.
  • To understand how these effects apply to patients with and without diabetes mellitus.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature review was performed using PubMed.
  • Keywords included SGLT-2 inhibitors, heart failure, chronic kidney disease, and cardiorenal syndrome.
  • Focus was on studies published within the last 5 years, supplemented by foundational research.

Main Results:

  • SGLT-2 inhibitors demonstrate nephroprotective effects via integrated hemodynamic, metabolic, and cellular-molecular pathways.
  • These beneficial actions are largely independent of the drugs' glucose-lowering properties.
  • The effects are observed in patients with and without diabetes mellitus.

Conclusions:

  • The multifaceted mechanisms of SGLT-2 inhibitors contribute to their established nephroprotective efficacy.
  • These agents should be considered fundamental in the pathogenetic therapy of chronic kidney disease.
  • Their utility extends beyond glucose reduction, highlighting their broader therapeutic potential.
Keywords:
cardiorenal syndromechronic kidney diseasenephroprotectionsodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors

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