Deep Learning Assisted Heteroporous Covalent Organic Framework Hydrogels Enable Dual-Mode Tracking and Analysis to...

Resting tremor and dopamine dysregulation are closely linked in the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease (PD), yet detecting their subtle early manifestations remains highly challenging. Herein, a wearable hydrogel (Gel@COF), designed for the concurrent monitoring of dopamine levels and resting tremor to enable early PD detection and intervention, is reported. The Gel@COF is fabricated by encapsulating a covalent organic framework (COF-101) functionalized with phenylboronic acid within a self-crosslinked hydrogel. Notably, the COF-101 features a unique fractal and heteroporous structure. The fractal morphology provides abundant dopamine recognition sites via the grafted phenylboronic acid, while the heteroporous structure significantly enhances proton conductivity. Thus, Gel@COF achieves high sensitivity at 1% strain and delivers a fast response/recovery time of 16.0 ms. Furthermore, the unique topological structure of COF-101 endows Gel@COF with visual fluorescence changes. After integrating a convolutional neural network algorithm with Gel@COF, its evaluation and prediction accuracy for PD was rapidly improved to over 95%. This dual-functional wearable gel offers patients real-time and convenient rehabilitation monitoring, demonstrating significant potential for translational applications.