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Related Concept Videos

Capacitor With A Dielectric01:18

Capacitor With A Dielectric

Parallel plate capacitors consist of two conducting plates separated by a certain distance. However, it is mechanically difficult to hold the large plates parallel to each other without actual contact. Hence, a dielectric layer is commonly placed between the plates, which provides an easy solution for holding the plates together with a small gap and increases the capacitance of the capacitor.
Dielectrics are non-conducting materials with no free or loosely bound electrons. When a dielectric is...
MOS Capacitor01:25

MOS Capacitor

A Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (MOS) capacitor is a fundamental structure used extensively in semiconductor device technology, particularly in the fabrication of integrated circuits and MOSFETs (metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors). The MOS capacitor consists of three layers: a metal gate, a dielectric oxide, and a semiconductor substrate.
The metal gate is typically made from highly conductive materials such as aluminum or polysilicon. Beneath the metal gate lies a thin layer of...
Capacitors and Capacitance01:18

Capacitors and Capacitance

A device consisting of two electrical conductors that are separated by a distance and used to store electrical charges is called a capacitor. The space between the conductors is either a vacuum or an insulating material, called a dielectric. Capacitors have many applications, ranging from filtering static from radio reception to energy storage in heart defibrillators.
When the conductors are two identical parallel plates, it is called a parallel plate capacitor. When battery terminals are...
Capacitors01:15

Capacitors

Capacitors play a crucial role in car radios, where they filter and store frequencies to ensure clear signal reception. Essentially serving as energy storage devices, capacitors store energy within their electric field and are composed of two parallel conducting plates separated by a dielectric.
When a voltage source is connected to a capacitor, positive and negative charges accumulate on the opposite plates. This accumulation generates a potential difference that equals the product of the...
Energy Stored in a Capacitor: Problem Solving01:26

Energy Stored in a Capacitor: Problem Solving

In 1749, Benjamin Franklin coined the word battery for a series of capacitors connected to store energy. Capacitors store electric potential energy that can be released over a short time. This property means capacitors have a wide range of applications.
Capacitor-discharge ignition is a type of ignition system commonly found in small engines where the energy released from a capacitor ignites an induction coil that, in turn, fires the spark plug.
To calculate the energy stored in a capacitor of...
Capacitor in an AC Circuit01:23

Capacitor in an AC Circuit

A capacitor is charged by passing an electric current through it, which causes the plates to start accumulating an electrostatic charge. Since the strength of the charging current is maximum when the capacitor plates are uncharged and gradually decreases exponentially until the capacitor is fully charged, the charging process is neither instantaneous nor linear. The property of a capacitor to store a charge on its plates is called its capacitance.
Consider a purely capacitive circuit consisting...

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Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Fabrication of Ti3C2 MXene Microelectrode Arrays for In Vivo Neural Recording
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Published on: February 12, 2020

Cations-Intercalated Two-Dimensional Titanium Carbonitride (Ti3CNTx) MXene for High-Performance Supercapacitors.

Aiza Kanwal1, Sheryar Abid2, Muhammad Yousaf3

  • 1Advanced Two-dimensional Materials & Devices (ATMD) Laboratory, Department of Physics & Astronomy, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|June 26, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Engineered potassium ions-intercalated titanium carbonitride (K+-Ti3CNT x) MXene enhances electrochemical energy storage devices (EESDs) by improving structure and stability. This novel anode material achieves high capacity and long cycle life for advanced potassium-ion storage.

Keywords:
2D carbonitrides MXeneTi3CNTxcation‐intercalationpillaringsupercapacitors

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Solar-Driven Electrochemical Green Fuel Production from CO2 and Water Using Ti3C2Tx MXene-Supported CuZn and NiCo Catalysts
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Evaluating the Electrochemical Properties of Supercapacitors using the Three-Electrode System
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Evaluating the Electrochemical Properties of Supercapacitors using the Three-Electrode System

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Fabrication of Ti3C2 MXene Microelectrode Arrays for In Vivo Neural Recording
09:58

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Evaluating the Electrochemical Properties of Supercapacitors using the Three-Electrode System
12:00

Evaluating the Electrochemical Properties of Supercapacitors using the Three-Electrode System

Published on: January 7, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • High-performance electrochemical energy storage devices (EESDs) require advanced electrode materials with high pseudocapacitance and cycle life.
  • Two-dimensional (2D) titanium carbonitride (Ti3CNT x) MXene shows promise for EESDs due to its conductivity and surface chemistry.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a cost-effective method for improving Ti3CNT x MXene structure by reducing sheet restacking.
  • To investigate the intercalation of various cations (Li+, Na+, Mg2+, K+) to enhance gravimetric capacitance.
  • To explore K+-Ti3CNT x as a high-performance anode material for potassium-ion storage.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated methods to reduce sheet restacking and improve the aggregated structure of Ti3CNT x MXenes.
  • Utilized hydrophilic (Li+, Na+, Mg2+) and hydrophobic (K+) cation intercalation to enhance capacitance.
  • Characterized the electrochemical performance of K+-Ti3CNT x as an anode material in potassium-ion storage devices.

Main Results:

  • Engineered K+-Ti3CNT x demonstrated a high charge storage capacity of 1003 F g-1, nearly tripling that of delaminated Ti3CNT x (d-Ti3CNT x).
  • The K+-Ti3CNT x anode exhibited improved environmental stability and superior electrochemical performance due to the pillaring effect of K+.
  • An AC //K+-Ti3CNT x device achieved an energy density of 37 Wh kg-1 with 95% capacity retention over 10,000 cycles and >99% Coulombic efficiency.

Conclusions:

  • Hydrophobic K+ intercalation in Ti3CNT x MXene significantly enhances redox-active sites and electrochemical performance.
  • K+-Ti3CNT x is a promising anode material for advanced potassium-ion storage devices, outperforming conventional supercapacitors.
  • The developed material offers excellent energy density and long-term cycling stability, crucial for practical EESDs.