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Momentum-Resolved Two-Dimensional Spectroscopy as a Probe of Nonlinear Quantum Field Dynamics.

Duilio De Santis1,2, Alex Gómez-Salvador2, Nataliia Bazhan3

  • 1Università degli Studi di Palermo, Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica "E. Segrè", Group of Interdisciplinary Theoretical Physics, I-90128 Palermo, Italy.

Physical Review Letters
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This study introduces momentum-resolved two-dimensional spectroscopy (2DS) for ultracold atoms, enabling detailed study of quantum many-body systems. The technique reveals unique signatures of collective excitations, advancing quantum simulation diagnostics.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Many-Body Physics
  • Quantum Simulation
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Studying emergent collective excitations in quantum systems is crucial but limited by current experimental methods.
  • Solid-state platforms face challenges with linear-response probes and finite momentum resolution.
  • Ultracold atomic systems offer high spatial resolution, ideal for probing complex quantum phenomena.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To overcome limitations in studying quantum many-body systems.
  • To combine spatial resolution of ultracold atoms with nonlinear probing of 2D spectroscopy.
  • To develop a versatile probe for correlated quantum matter and quantum simulators.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing ultracold atomic systems with high spatial resolution.
  • Employing nonlinear probing capabilities of two-dimensional spectroscopy (2DS).
  • Analyzing momentum-resolved 2DS of the quantum sine-Gordon model in coupled Bose-Einstein condensates.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated distinctive many-body signatures in momentum-resolved 2DS.
  • Observed asymmetric cross-peaks indicating interplay between breather and continuum modes.
  • Successfully characterized anharmonicity and disorder in the quantum system.

Conclusions:

  • Momentum-resolved 2DS is a powerful diagnostic for quantum simulators.
  • This approach serves as a versatile probe for correlated quantum matter.
  • The method overcomes limitations of traditional linear-response probes.