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Unveiling Light-Quark Yukawa Flavor Structure via Dihadron Fragmentation at Lepton Colliders
Qing-Hong Cao1,2,3, Xin-Kai Wen4,5, Bin Yan3,4
1Peking University, School of Physics, Beijing 100871, China.
Physical Review Letters
|June 26, 2026
Summary
This study proposes a new method to measure light-quark Yukawa couplings at lepton colliders. The approach uses azimuthal modulations in dihadron fragmentation to probe Higgs boson flavor structure.
Area of Science:
- Particle Physics
- High-Energy Physics
- Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD)
Background:
- Probing light-quark Yukawa couplings and their flavor structure is challenging due to their small values and significant QCD backgrounds.
- Existing methods often yield results that scale quadratically with Yukawa couplings, limiting sensitivity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a theoretical framework for accessing light-quark Yukawa couplings at lepton colliders.
- To establish dihadron fragmentation as a novel probe of Higgs boson flavor structure.
Main Methods:
- Utilizing transverse spin-dependent azimuthal modulations in dihadron fragmentation processes at lepton colliders.
- Analyzing the interference between Higgs-mediated and Standard Model amplitudes in e^{-}e^{+}→qq[over ¯]Z events.
- Combining channels with identified accompanying single hadrons (π^{±}, K^{±}, p/p[over ¯]) to disentangle quark contributions.
Main Results:
- Developed angular structures linearly sensitive to Yukawa couplings (y_{q}), offering enhanced precision compared to quadratic observables.
- Achieved clean disentanglement of up- and down-quark Yukawa contributions.
- Established typical limits at the O(10^{-4}-10^{-3}) level for these couplings.
Conclusions:
- Dihadron fragmentation provides a novel and complementary method for probing the Higgs boson's flavor structure.
- The proposed framework offers a promising avenue for precise measurements of light-quark Yukawa couplings.
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