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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Evaluating the Immune Response of a Nanoemulsion Adjuvant Vaccine Against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Infection
07:32

Evaluating the Immune Response of a Nanoemulsion Adjuvant Vaccine Against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Infection

Published on: September 1, 2023

Dissolving microneedle array size influences physical adjuvanticity for dose-sparing vaccination.

Hye Su Min1, Youjin Lee2, Sung Min Cho2

  • 1Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.

Biomaterials
|June 26, 2026
PubMed
Summary

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Dissolving microneedles (DMNs) enhance vaccines by acting as physical adjuvants. Their size controls micro-injury, boosting immune responses for effective, adjuvant-free vaccination.

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Immunology
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Dissolving microneedles (DMNs) offer precise transdermal antigen delivery for vaccination.
  • The immunomodulatory biomaterial properties of DMNs are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the size-dependent immunomodulatory effects of DMNs.
  • To explore the role of DMN-induced micro-injury as a physical adjuvant.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of DMN arrays of varying sizes.
  • Assessment of DMN-induced skin micro-injury and inflammatory responses.
  • Evaluation of dendritic cell activation, lymphatic trafficking, and humoral immunity.

Main Results:

  • DMN insertion creates transient micro-injury, releasing damage-associated molecular patterns like HMGB-1.

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Last Updated: Jun 28, 2026

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  • Microneedle array size quantitatively governed the inflammatory response and immune activation.
  • Increased array size enhanced dendritic cell activation and lymphatic transport, leading to improved humoral responses (IgG titers, plasma cells) without exogenous adjuvants.

    • Conclusions:

    • DMN array design is a tunable parameter for programming physical adjuvanticity.
    • DMNs can act as safe, adjuvant-free, and dose-sparing vaccination strategies.
    • The study highlights the biomaterial function of DMNs in modulating immune responses through controlled micro-injury.