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  3. Four-dimensional On-beam Computed Tomography Reconstruction Using Projection-difference Images.
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  3. Four-dimensional On-beam Computed Tomography Reconstruction Using Projection-difference Images.

Related Experiment Video

Four-Dimensional CT Analysis Using Sequential 3D-3D Registration
05:05

Four-Dimensional CT Analysis Using Sequential 3D-3D Registration

Published on: November 23, 2019

Four-dimensional on-beam computed tomography reconstruction using projection-difference images.

Joonil Hwang1, Raymond Hyunwoo Moon2, Jihyung Yoon3

  • 1Yonsei Institute for Digital Health, Yonsei University, 50-1, Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea (the Republic of).

Physics in Medicine and Biology
|June 26, 2026

View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces 4D On-Beam Computed Tomography (4D OBCT) to accurately image tumors during radiation therapy. 4D OBCT provides precise anatomical data during treatment, improving dose verification and adaptation for better patient outcomes.

Keywords:
4D CTElectronic portal imaging deviceMonte Carlo simulationOn-beam CT

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3D Imaging of Soft-Tissue Samples using an X-ray Specific Staining Method and Nanoscopic Computed Tomography

Published on: October 24, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Medical Physics
  • Radiotherapy
  • Image Reconstruction

Background:

  • Accurate dose verification in radiotherapy necessitates real-time anatomical data during beam delivery.
  • Conventional cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is acquired before treatment, missing intrafractional tumor motion.
  • This limits the precision of delivered dose assessment and adaptive radiotherapy strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a 4D On-Beam Computed Tomography (4D OBCT) framework.
  • To capture dynamic anatomical states of the tumor during irradiation.
  • To enable accurate intrafractional motion assessment for improved radiotherapy.

Main Methods:

  • A thoracic phantom with simulated tumor motion was used.
  • Megavoltage transmission data were acquired during treatment delivery.
  • 4D OBCT images were reconstructed using transmission data and Monte Carlo simulations, compared against 4D planning CT (pCT) and 4D CBCT.

    • Main Results:

    • 4D OBCT demonstrated superior accuracy with lower Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) compared to 4D CBCT in lung and chest wall regions.
    • Dosimetric evaluation showed significantly higher gamma pass rates for 4D OBCT (99.76% at 2%/2mm) versus 4D CBCT (72.50%).
    • The framework successfully reconstructed phase-resolved images reflecting intrafractional motion.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed 4D OBCT framework accurately reconstructs images of the target during irradiation.
    • It provides high-resolution, motion-aware volumetric data crucial for radiotherapy.
    • 4D OBCT offers a robust solution for precise post-delivery dosimetric verification and adaptive radiotherapy.