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Related Concept Videos

Biofuels01:25

Biofuels

The microbial conversion of organic matter into biofuels holds potential as a renewable energy source. Among biofuel sources, microalgae are recognized as a highly efficient and adaptable feedstock for biodiesel production, owing to their rapid biomass accumulation, elevated lipid productivity, and capacity to proliferate in diverse aquatic systems, including freshwater, marine, and wastewater habitats. Unlike terrestrial crops, microalgae do not compete for land and can achieve significantly...
Microbial Fuel Cells01:23

Microbial Fuel Cells

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are bioelectrochemical devices that generate electricity by exploiting the metabolic processes of electrogenic bacteria. These systems provide a renewable energy source and serve as an innovative method for treating organic waste, such as wastewater.A typical MFC consists of two chambers: an anoxic (oxygen-free) compartment that houses the bacteria and an oxic (oxygen-rich) compartment that contains oxygen as the terminal electron acceptor. Many MFCs use proton...
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Green algae, also referred to as chlorophytes, are different from red algae in having the chloroplasts containing chlorophylls a and b, which give them their distinct green hue. However, they lack phycobiliproteins, preventing them from developing the red or blue-green pigmentation seen in red algae. In terms of photosynthetic pigment composition, green algae closely resemble plants and share a close evolutionary relationship with them. Taxonomically Green algae belong to Phylum Chlorophyta in...
Microbial Fermentation01:23

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Fermentation is a crucial anaerobic metabolic process that enables microbes to derive energy from sugar without relying on oxygen or an electron transport chain. This process is fundamental to various biological and industrial applications and is classified based on the metabolic products generated.Role of Pyruvate in FermentationPyruvate and its derivatives serve as key electron acceptors in fermentative pathways. The oxidation of NADH to regenerate NAD+ is essential for the continuation of...
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Microbial communities forming biofilms and mats represent complex, spatially structured ecosystems where metabolic processes are stratified according to light, oxygen, and nutrient gradients. Biofilms are initial colonization stages, only a few millimeters thick, while mature microbial mats can reach centimeter-scale thickness and display intricate vertical organization. Their structural and functional heterogeneity allows microorganisms to occupy distinct ecological niches within a few...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

High-Throughput Metabolic Profiling for Model Refinements of Microalgae
11:07

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Published on: December 4, 2021

Dual carbon source driven metabolic coupling shapes microalgal-bacterial granular sludge stability.

Chenkai Liu1, Chi Che2, Peiting Huang1

  • 1Department of Water and Wastewater Engineering, School of Urban Construction, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China.

Environmental Research
|June 26, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Dual carbon strategies enhance microalgal-bacterial granular sludge (MBGS) wastewater treatment. Pairing acetate and glucose optimizes stability and pollutant removal by maintaining pH balance.

Keywords:
Dual carbon sourcesMicroalgal-bacterial symbiosesMicrobial assemblyWastewater treatmentpH buffering

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Microbiology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Microalgal-bacterial granular sludge (MBGS) offers a promising wastewater treatment solution.
  • Operational stability is often compromised under single-carbon conditions due to metabolic imbalances.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate six dual carbon strategies for improving MBGS stability and pollutant removal.
  • To understand the role of carbon source composition in regulating microenvironmental conditions and microbial communities.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental evaluation of six dual carbon strategies in MBGS reactors.
  • Performance monitoring for chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonium-nitrogen (NH4+-N), and phosphate-phosphorus (PO43--P) removal.
  • Metagenomic analysis to assess microbial community structure and function.

Main Results:

  • Carbon source composition significantly impacted reactor performance, primarily through pH buffering.
  • The acetate-glucose system demonstrated superior stability and pollutant removal (COD: 91.1%, NH4+-N: 96.8%, PO43--P: 96.9%).
  • Acetate assimilation's proton consumption counteracted glucose fermentation acidification, maintaining an alkaline pH (10.0-10.2) favorable for functional bacteria and simultaneous nutrient removal.

Conclusions:

  • pH buffering is a critical factor linking carbon metabolism to MBGS system stability.
  • Rational pairing of carbon sources with complementary proton fluxes can enhance MBGS robustness.
  • This study provides a framework for designing carbon sources in biological wastewater treatment systems.