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Related Concept Videos

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction01:19

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...
Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation01:30

Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation

Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is classified into subtypes based on the predominant bowel habits as determined by the Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS). The subtypes are:
Irritable Bowel Syndrome01:23

Irritable Bowel Syndrome

DefinitionIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by recurrent combinations of abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, or constipation.Pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndromeIts pathophysiology is multifactorial, involving disturbances in motility, sensory processing, microbial balance, barrier integrity, and gut–brain communication. These mechanisms interact to produce symptoms that vary across IBS subtypes.Altered Motility PatternsDisordered...
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Managing Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) involves a multifaceted approach, including lifestyle modifications, dietary changes, and medication.
Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS01:17

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Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is a subtype of IBS characterized primarily by frequent, loose, or watery stools, abdominal pain, and abdominal discomfort. Therapeutic approaches to managing IBS-D include dietary changes, stress management techniques, and pharmaceutical interventions.
Two specific drugs used in the treatment are alosetron (Lotronex) and eluxadoline (Viberzi). Alosetron, a 5-HT3 antagonist, works by slowing the movement of stools in the gut, reducing bowel...
Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction01:17

Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is characterized by functional disturbances in the gastrointestinal system, presenting a cluster of symptoms without evident structural or biochemical abnormalities. It primarily affects the large intestine and may cause abdominal pain, bloating, excessive gas, diarrhea, constipation, or both.
IBS is a chronic condition that can persist over a long period or recur frequently.
The pathogenesis of IBS involves a complex interplay of the following factors:
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Bladder Smooth Muscle Strip Contractility as a Method to Evaluate Lower Urinary Tract Pharmacology
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Neurogenic bowel dysfunction in multiple sclerosis: clinical determinants and its association with bladder

Yeşim Akkoç1, Necmettin Yıldız2, Hilal Adanur3

  • 1Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, İzmir, Türkiye.

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
|June 26, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Moderate-to-severe neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD) affects nearly 7% of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Bowel dysfunction in MS is linked to increased disability and bladder issues, warranting integrated screening.

Keywords:
DisabilityMultiple SclerosisNeurogenic BladderNeurogenic Bowel DysfunctionRehabilitation

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Urology

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological disease impacting the central nervous system.
  • Neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD) is a common and often debilitating complication in MS patients.
  • Understanding the prevalence and associated factors of NBD is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence and severity of NBD in patients with MS.
  • To identify clinical factors associated with moderate-to-severe bowel dysfunction in this population.

Main Methods:

  • A multicenter, prospective, cross-sectional study involving 975 patients with MS across twelve tertiary MS centers.
  • Bowel dysfunction was assessed using the Neurogenic Bowel Dysfunction (NBD) score.
  • Bladder symptoms were evaluated using the Neurogenic Bladder Symptom Score (NBSS).
  • Statistical analyses included univariate and multivariable logistic regression to identify associations.

Main Results:

  • Moderate-to-severe NBD was present in 6.8% of the studied MS patients.
  • Higher NBD severity correlated with older age, longer disease duration, and greater disability.
  • Multivariable analysis revealed that Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and NBSS total score were independently associated with moderate-to-severe NBD.

Conclusions:

  • A significant proportion of MS patients experience moderate-to-severe NBD.
  • Disability level and bladder dysfunction are key independent predictors of NBD severity in MS.
  • Integrated assessment and routine screening of bowel and bladder symptoms are recommended for MS patients, especially those with higher disability.