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Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Three-dimensional Patterning of Engineered Biofilms with a Do-it-yourself Bioprinter
Published on: May 16, 2019
Engineered bacterial biofilms for biotechnological applications
Nona Hashemi1, Karen O Osiro2, Octavio L Franco3
1Department of Nanoengineering, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, 27401, USA.
Abstract:
Bacterial systems are emerging as living technologies for sustainable manufacturing, environmental monitoring, agriculture, and health. They form biofilms, that is, living materials, which can be repurposed in biological applications due to their properties, for example, surface attachment, matrix formation, spatial organization, and stress tolerance. Advances in bioengineering have identified the benefits of biofilms for biotechnological applications. This review defines engineered bacterial biofilms (EBBs) as biofilms formed by engineered bacterial chassis and biofilm-related genes, genetically modified to perform defined biological functions. We present representative EBB engineering and application case studies and propose a life cycle framework spanning biofilm preformation, formation, and postformation. By highlighting definitions, examples, enabling tools, and translational barriers, this review provides design principles for developing reliable, safe, and application-ready biofilm technologies.
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