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Published on: June 11, 2012
Inhaled Insulin: Place in Therapy.
Sanjay Kalra1, Saptarshi Bhattacharya2, Nitin Kapoor3
1Department of Endocrinology, Bharti Hospital, Karnal, India; University Center for Research & Development, Chandigarh University, India.
JPMA. the Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association
|June 27, 2026
Summary
Inhaled insulin provides a convenient, non-injectable option for prandial glucose control in adults with diabetes. This framework simplifies its integration into clinical practice through strategic initiation, interchange, and intensification approaches.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Pharmacology
- Diabetes Management
Background:
- Inhaled insulin offers a non-injectable alternative for diabetes management.
- Current guidelines recommend inhaled insulin for prandial glucose control in adults.
- Basal insulin requirements are not met by inhaled insulin alone.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the rational placement of inhaled insulin in clinical practice.
- To classify the use of inhaled insulin into distinct strategies.
- To propose structured regimens and usage styles for inhaled insulin.
Main Methods:
- Classification of inhaled insulin use into initiation, interchange, and intensification.
- Suggestion of homologous (purist) and heterologous (hybrid) structured regimens.
- Proposal of fixed, formative, and flexible usage styles.
Main Results:
- A framework for the clinical use of inhaled insulin was developed.
- Strategies for integrating inhaled insulin into existing treatment plans were defined.
- Different usage styles were proposed to accommodate patient needs.
Conclusions:
- The proposed framework simplifies and supports the use of inhaled insulin in clinical practice.
- This approach aids clinicians in optimizing inhaled insulin therapy.
- Enhanced patient adherence and glycemic control can be achieved through structured implementation.
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