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Large-Scale Genomic Analysis of Stripe Rust Resistance in Chinese Wheat Germplasm Using Multi-Environment Trial Data
Pengfei Jin1,2, Peng Cheng2, Yao Zhu1
1Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Resource Plants on the Loess Plateau, Engineering Research Center of Microbial Resources Development and Green Recycling of the University of Shaanxi Province, Research and Development Centre of Ecological and Sustainable Application of Microbial Industry of the Loess Plateau in Shaanxi Province, College of Life Science, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi 716000, China.
Abstract:
Wheat stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), is a significant disease affecting global wheat crops and causing substantial economic losses. This study aimed to identify effective resistance genes by evaluating 120 common wheat accessions from diverse regions in China. These samples were tested with three Pst races at the seedling stage and with natural Pst inoculum at four field locations in three crop seasons. Genotypic data were collected through a Wheat55K iSelect single-nucleotide polymorphism array. The genome-wide association study identified 17 distinct loci linked to stripe rust response, accounting for 1.07 to 30.58% of the phenotypic variation across trials. These loci were distributed among three wheat genome groups: 2 in Group A, 10 in Group B, and 5 in Group D. Among these, eight loci overlapped with the reported stripe rust resistance genes or quantitative trait loci, while nine loci were novel and mainly distributed on chromosomes 2A, 6B, and 7D. This research enhances the understanding of genetic mechanisms underlying wheat stripe rust resistance and provides valuable germplasm resources for breeding new cultivars with enhanced disease resilience.
