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Related Concept Videos

MOS Capacitor01:25

MOS Capacitor

A Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (MOS) capacitor is a fundamental structure used extensively in semiconductor device technology, particularly in the fabrication of integrated circuits and MOSFETs (metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors). The MOS capacitor consists of three layers: a metal gate, a dielectric oxide, and a semiconductor substrate.
The metal gate is typically made from highly conductive materials such as aluminum or polysilicon. Beneath the metal gate lies a thin layer of...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques
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Published on: November 11, 2013

3D Bismuth Anode with Synergistic Structural and Interfacial Optimization for High-Performance Sodium-Ion Capacitors.

Hui Lin1, Mengfan Pei1, Shuo Zhuo1

  • 1School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Technology Innovation Center of High Performance Resin Materials (Liaoning Province), Key Laboratory of Energy Materials and Devices (Liaoning Province), Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|June 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed bismuth nanoparticles on porous carbon (Bi@PCN) as a high-rate anode for sodium-ion capacitors (SICs). This material overcomes volume expansion issues, enhancing cycling stability and energy density for advanced energy storage.

Keywords:
bibased anodeelectrochemicalhigh ratesodium-ion capacitorssodium-ion storage

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Sodium-ion capacitors (SICs) face kinetic mismatches between anodes and cathodes.
  • Bismuth-based anodes offer low potential and high capacity but suffer from significant volume expansion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a stable and high-performance anode material for SICs.
  • To mitigate the volume expansion issue of bismuth anodes during cycling.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of bismuth nanoparticles anchored on porous carbon (Bi@PCN) using liquid-phase and thermal reduction.
  • Electrochemical testing of Bi@PCN as an anode in SICs.

Main Results:

  • The Bi@PCN composite demonstrated excellent rate capability (50 A g⁻¹) and cycling stability over 10,000 cycles.
  • The porous carbon framework effectively accommodated the volume expansion of bismuth during alloying.
  • The Bi@PCN//AC SIC achieved high energy and power densities (118.16 Wh kg⁻¹ and 11,574.83 W kg⁻¹).

Conclusions:

  • Bi@PCN is a promising high-rate anode material for advanced sodium-ion capacitors.
  • Anchoring bismuth on porous carbon effectively addresses the volume expansion challenge.
  • This approach enhances the stability and performance of alloy-based anodes for energy storage devices.