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Pulpal Pressure Aggravates Pulpitis by Mechano-Inflammatory Signal Synergy
Weiqi Hu1, Hao Cui2, Yajing Fu3
1Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
Elevated pulpal pressure exacerbates pulpitis by synergizing with inflammatory signals. This mechano-inflammatory pathway in macrophages leads to increased inflammation and disease severity, suggesting new therapeutic targets.
Area of Science:
- Oral Biology
- Mechanobiology
- Immunology
Background:
- Pulpitis, an oral disease, causes severe pain and reduced quality of life.
- Increased pulpal pressure is a hallmark of pulpitis pathogenesis.
- The precise role of elevated pulpal pressure in pulpitis progression is not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the influence of pulpal pressure on pulpitis progression.
- To elucidate the underlying mechanisms of pulpal pressure's role in pulpitis.
Main Methods:
- Established rat models of pulpitis and quantified pulpal pressure using mechanosensitive markers.
- Utilized in vitro models of inflamed teeth and macrophages exposed to hydrostatic pressure.
- Assessed pulp inflammation and macrophage responses following Piezo1 inhibition.
Main Results:
- Elevated pulpal pressure correlated positively with pulpitis severity.
- Macrophage pressure-sensing capacity increased with pulpitis progression.
- Applied hydrostatic pressure exacerbated pulp inflammation and macrophage inflammatory responses.
Conclusions:
- Elevated pulpal pressure synergizes with inflammatory signals to worsen pulpitis.
- A mechano-inflammatory pathway involving TRAF6-NF-κB and TRAF6-YAP in macrophages drives hyper-inflammation.
- Targeting the mechanical microenvironment alongside inflammation offers a therapeutic strategy.
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