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Updated: Jun 29, 2026

Tracking Infiltration Front Depth Using Time-lapse Multi-offset Gathers Collected with Array Antenna Ground Penetrating Radar
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Tracking Infiltration Front Depth Using Time-lapse Multi-offset Gathers Collected with Array Antenna Ground Penetrating Radar

Published on: May 1, 2018

Metasurface-enabled high-gain circularly polarized antenna array for sensing in dust-laden environments.

Neeta Singh1, Sachin Kumar2, Aijaz M Zaidi3

  • 1University School of Automation and Robotics, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University (East Delhi Campus), Delhi, 110032, India.

Scientific Reports
|June 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary

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This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a circularly polarized millimetre-wave antenna array for object detection in dusty conditions. The design, enhanced with a metasurface, shows stable performance and significant gain, making it suitable for challenging environments.

Area of Science:

  • Electromagnetics and Antenna Engineering
  • Microwave and Millimeter-Wave Technology
  • Sensor Technology

Background:

  • Object detection in harsh environments like dusty conditions presents significant challenges for conventional sensor systems.
  • Millimeter-wave (mm-wave) frequencies offer potential for high-resolution sensing but are susceptible to environmental interference.
  • Existing antenna designs often suffer from performance degradation and mutual coupling in the presence of dust particles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and evaluate a novel circularly polarized millimetre-wave antenna array optimized for object detection in dust-laden environments.
  • To investigate the impact of a metasurface layer on antenna performance, specifically focusing on gain enhancement and mutual coupling suppression.
  • To validate the antenna array's operational stability and effectiveness under simulated dusty conditions.
Keywords:
AntennaArrayCircular polarizationHigh gainMetasurfacemm-wave

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Published on: May 1, 2018

Main Methods:

  • A 16-element circularly polarized antenna array operating at mm-wave frequencies was designed using a dual-layer substrate.
  • A metasurface layer composed of periodic unit cells was integrated to manage electromagnetic wave propagation and reduce element-to-element coupling.
  • The antenna array's performance, including gain, bandwidth, and impedance matching, was simulated and measured in free space and under simulated dusty conditions (beach sand, gray sand).

Main Results:

  • The proposed antenna array achieved a peak gain of 17.2 dB in free space and 14.7 dB under dusty conditions with the metasurface.
  • A stable impedance bandwidth of 35.5-38.5 GHz was maintained across all tested environments.
  • The metasurface effectively suppressed mutual coupling and facilitated leaky-wave modes, enhancing radiation performance.

Conclusions:

  • The developed mm-wave antenna array with an integrated metasurface demonstrates robust and stable performance in dust-laden environments.
  • The design exhibits significant potential for reliable object detection applications where environmental conditions are challenging.
  • The study highlights the efficacy of metasurface integration for improving antenna performance in adverse conditions.