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Echocardiographic assessment in arterial hypertension: a contemporary narrative review

Hafiz Naderi1,2, Kelly Victor3, Lynne Williams4

  • 1William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK. h.naderi@qmul.ac.uk.

Echo Research and Practice
|June 28, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Echocardiography aids in detecting and managing hypertension-mediated organ damage. This review integrates guidelines to clarify echocardiography

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Cardiovascular Imaging
  • Hypertension Management

Background:

  • Arterial hypertension is a primary cause of cardiovascular disease, necessitating early detection of organ damage.
  • Current hypertension guidelines vary in blood pressure categorization and investigation recommendations.
  • A cardio-renal-metabolic framework emphasizes prevention and early intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a practical overview of echocardiography's role in arterial hypertension.
  • To integrate contemporary hypertension guidelines with imaging consensus for clinical application.
  • To define when echocardiography offers the most value in managing hypertension.

Main Methods:

  • Review of contemporary hypertension clinical guidelines.
  • Integration of imaging consensus documents on echocardiography.
  • Analysis of echocardiographic parameters for assessing cardiac structure and function in hypertension.

Main Results:

  • Echocardiography assesses left ventricular structure, geometry, systolic/diastolic function, and filling pressures.
  • Atrial remodeling, right ventricular function, valvular disease, and aortic assessment are reviewed.
  • Practical scanning indications and transesophageal echocardiography considerations are discussed.

Conclusions:

  • Echocardiography is crucial for identifying hypertension-mediated organ damage.
  • Future directions include prevention-focused pathways and scalable imaging strategies.
  • AI-enabled quantification and multimodality imaging will advance hypertension services.

Keywords:
Blood pressureEchocardiographyHypertensionHypertensive heart diseaseLeft ventricular hypertrophy

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