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Group-based aquatic exercise for adolescents with down syndrome; a pilot study.
Ashley B Conklin1, Kathy Martin2, Beth Ennis3
1The Department of Rehabilitation and Movement Sciences at Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey. Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA.
Disability and Rehabilitation
|June 29, 2026
Summary
Group aquatic exercise is safe and feasible for adolescents with Down syndrome (ADS). The program improved mobility, physical function, and quality of life, showing promise as an alternative physical activity.
Area of Science:
- Exercise Science
- Developmental Disabilities
- Pediatric Health
Background:
- Adolescents with Down syndrome (ADS) exhibit lower physical activity (PA) levels than their peers.
- The aquatic environment offers enhanced mobility, potentially benefiting ADS.
- Limited research exists on group-based aquatic exercise programs for ADS.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the safety and feasibility of a group-based aquatic exercise program for ADS.
- To explore preliminary health and functional outcomes of aquatic exercise in ADS.
Main Methods:
- Nine ADS participated in an 8-week, twice-weekly aquatic exercise program.
- Safety was monitored via heart rate and critical incidents.
- Feasibility assessed by adherence and parent feedback; outcomes measured by TUG, FRSTST, 6MWT, PedsQL TM, and satisfaction surveys.
Main Results:
- No critical safety incidents occurred; adherence exceeded 85%.
- Significant improvements were observed in the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL TM).
- Improvements exceeded minimal detectable change for 6MWT, timed up-and-go test (TUG), five-repetition sit-to-stand test (FRSTST), and PedsQL TM; parent satisfaction was high.
Conclusions:
- Group-based aquatic exercise is a safe and feasible option for increasing PA in ADS.
- Aquatic exercise demonstrates potential for improving functional outcomes and quality of life in this population.
